1<!DOCTYPE html> 2<html lang="en" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/WebSite" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#"> 3<head> 4 <title>Why Do So Few Women Work in India? by Shishir Gupta & Aalhya Sabharwal - Project Syndicate</title> 5<meta charset="utf-8"> 6<meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge"> 7<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,minimum-scale=1,initial-scale=1"> 8<meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="True" /> 9<meta name="generator" content="flow.li" /> 10<meta name="rating" content="General" /> 11<meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-crossorigin" /> 12<meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no" /> 13<meta name="google-site-verification" content="boHLWSojx3qECaiAzgvWzbE1IFCWc4OeyjI_wPXh7II" /> 14<link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin /> 15<link rel="preload" href="/fonts/1/bold.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin> 16<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Noto+Sans:400,700|Noto+Serif:400,400i,700,700i&display=swap" media="print" onload="this.media='all'"> 17<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/favicon/apple-touch-icon.png" /> 18<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/favicon/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> 19<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/favicon/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16" /> 20<link rel="manifest" href="/favicon/manifest.json" /> 21<link rel="mask-icon" href="/favicon/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#333333" /> 22<link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon/favicon.ico" /> 23<meta name="theme-color" content="#f2f0ee" /> 24<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://data.flw.li/" /> 25<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://www.google-analytics.com" /> 26<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://webapi.project-syndicate.org/" /> 27<link rel="preconnect" href="https://data.flw.li/" /> 28<link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.google-analytics.com" /> 29 30<style>@font-face {font-family:"Acta Bold";src: url("/fonts/1/bold.woff2") format("woff2"),url("/fonts/1/bold.woff") format("woff");font-display: swap;font-style:normal;font-weight:400}@font-face {font-family: "Acta Bold Italic";src: url("/fonts/2/italics.woff2") format("woff2"),url("/fonts/2/italics.woff") format("woff");font-display: swap;font-style:italic;font-weight:400}</style> 31 32 <link href="/css/styles.min.css?v=4EziWkUGWe_lAJCVZwZYdZbsImWcuJwJ_OZn6d-AcII" media="screen" rel="stylesheet" /> 33 <link href="/css/print.min.css?v=-OqpK_Y4wcOqzZh0gPHTVNGwWoup6MxmZqgqtya1Cok" media="print" rel="stylesheet" /> 34 35 36 37 38 39
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data-language="english" data-event-action="click" data-entity-link-name="aalhya-sabharwal" class="track-event" data-href-original="/columnist/aalhya-sabharwal"><span class="listing__author author">Aalhya Sabharwal</span></a></span> </address> 399 <div class="article__abs u-mt-se" dir="ltr" data-scroll-area="start"> 400 <p>Indiaâs female labor force participation rate has long lagged behind that of peer economies like Bangladesh, not because of social norms, but because of weak demand for labor. That is ultimately good news, because it is a problem that can be solved with common-sense regulatory reforms and public investment.</p> 401 </div> 402 <div dir="ltr" class="article__body article__body--commentary paywall english" data-page-area="article-body"> 403 <p data-line-id="ee418baeb46b45e589f26365459619c4">NEW DELHIâIndiaâs <a href="https://rshiny.ilo.org/dataexplorer33/?lang=en&segment=indicator&id=EAP_DWAP_SEX_AGE_MTS_RT_A&channel=ilostat">female labor force participation rate</a> (LFPR) stands at 35%, which is well below that of peers like Bangladesh (42%) and the Philippines (50%). Though it has risen substantially from 21% in 2017â18, a closer examination reveals that <a href="https://rshiny.ilo.org/dataexplorer33/?lang=en&segment=indicator&id=EAP_DWAP_SEX_AGE_MTS_RT_A&channel=ilostat">over 70%</a> of the increase came from the agriculture and subsistence sectors, with significant levels of disguised employment.</p> 404 </div>
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802 803 804 805 <dialog class="dialog dialog--pw-confirm" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-labelledby="pw-confirm-title"> 806 <header class="dialog__header"> 807 <h2 id="pw-confirm-title" class="dialog__title">Confirmation</h2> 808 <button type="button" class="dialog__close" aria-label="Close dialog"></button> 809 </header> 810 811 <form class="form user-input-form control-watch dialog__content"> 812 <div class="u-alert-container u-alert-container--space-lr"> 813 <span class="dialog__notification"></span> 814 </div> 815 <div id="dialog-passwd-confirmation" class="u-p-se u-mb-se"> 816 <label for="dialog-password" id="password-message">Enter your password to confirm.</label> 817 <input id="dialog-password" autocomplete="current-password" type="password" required class="u-width-100p u-mt-se" /> 818 </div> 819 <div class="button__group u-p-se"> 820 <button type="button" class="button button--tertiary dialog__cancel">Cancel</button> 821 <button type="submit" class="dialog__submit button button--primary">Yes, cancel</button> 822 </div> 823 </form> 824 </dialog> 825 826 <dialog id="dialog-confirm" class="dialog dialog--confirm" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-labelledby="confirm-title"> 827 <header class="dialog__header"> 828 <h2 id="confirm-title"class="dialog__title">Confirmation</h2> 829 <button type="button" class="dialog__close" aria-label="Close dialog"></button> 830 </header> 831 832 <form class="form user-input-form control-watch dialog__content"> 833 <div class="u-alert-container u-alert-container--space-lr"> 834 <span name="modal-notification"></span> 835 </div> 836 <div class="u-p-se"> 837 <p id="message"></p> 838 </div> 839 <div class="button__group u-p-se"> 840 <button type="button" class="button button--tertiary dialog__cancel">Cancel</button> 841 <button type="submit" class="dialog__submit button button--primary">Yes, cancel</button> 842 </div> 843 </form> 844 </dialog> 845 846 <dialog class="dialog dialog--newsletter" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-labelledby="newsletter-title"> 847 <header class="dialog__header"> 848 <h2 id="newsletter-title" class="dialog__title">Edit Newsletter Preferences</h2> 849 <button type="button" class="dialog__close" aria-label="Close dialog"></button> 850 </header> 851 852 <form class="form user-input-form control-watch dialog__content"> 853 <div class="u-alert-container u-alert-container--space-lr"> 854 <span id="newsletter-modal-notification"></span> 855 </div> 856 <div class="u-p-se newsletter-ui-container"></div> 857 <div class="button__group u-p-se"> 858 <button type="button" class="button button--tertiary dialog__cancel">Cancel</button> 859 <button type="submit" class="dialog__submit button button--primary">save</button> 860 </div> 861 </form> 862 </dialog> 863 864 <dialog class="dialog dialog--subscribe-follow" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-labelledby="follow-title"> 865 <header class="dialog__header"> 866 <h2 id="follow-title" class="dialog__title">Set up Notification</h2> 867 <button type="button" class="dialog__close" aria-label="Close dialog"></button> 868 </header> 869 870 <form class="form user-input-form control-watch info dialog__content"> 871 <div class="u-alert-container u-alert-container--space-lr"> 872 <span id="subscribe-follow-modal-notification"></span> 873 </div> 874 <div class="u-p-se"> 875 876<div> 877 <p class="title"> 878To receive email updates regarding this {entity_type}, please enter your email below. </p> 879 <p> 880 <input class="u-width-100p u-height-il" autocomplete="email" placeholder="[email protected]" name="email" aria-label="Enter email" required="required" type="email" /> 881 </p> 882 <p class="u-fs-ter"> 883 If you are not already registered, this will create a PS account for you. You should receive an activation email shortly. 884 </p> 885</div> 886 </div> 887 <div class="button__group u-p-se"> 888 <button type="button" class="button button--tertiary dialog__cancel">Cancel</button> 889 <button type="submit" class="dialog__submit button button--primary button--pl">Confirm</button> 890 </div> 891 </form> 892</dialog> 893 894 <dialog class="dialog dialog--message" id="message-dialog" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-labelledby="message-dialog-title"> 895 <header class="dialog__header"> 896 <h2 class="dialog__title" id="message-dialog-title"></h2> 897 <button class="dialog__close" type="button" aria-label="Close dialog"></button> 898 </header> 899 <div class="dialog__content"></div> 900 </dialog> 901 902</body> 903</html>
Line numbers count LF bytes from the start of the resource, as the search results do. Vendor segments are library code the classifier recognised; they are stored but not indexed. Bytes are shown as Latin1 characters, one per byte.