https://www.perlego.com/_next/static/chunks/5148.806ddc1f78b81f3d.js

1!function(){try{var e="u">typeof window?window:"u">typeof global?global:"u">typeof globalThis?globalThis:"u">typeof self?self:{},t=(new e.Error).stack;t&&(e._sentryDebugIds=e._sentryDebugIds||{},e._sentryDebugIds[t]="0809d37d-5c48-4112-9ea1-25a5f861c7c5",e._sentryDebugIdIdentifier="sentry-dbid-0809d37d-5c48-4112-9ea1-25a5f861c7c5")}catch(e){}}(),(self.webpackChunk_N_E=self.webpackChunk_N_E||[]).push([[14,749,3045,3130,5148,5511,5512,7328,9157],{5743:(e,t,a)=>{"use strict";a.d(t,{g:()=>r});var n=a(78028),i=a(13569);let r=async e=>{try{let{data:t}=await n.A.get(e);return t.countryCode||"GB"}catch(e){return(0,i.NE)(e),"GB"}}},9683:(e,t,a)=>{"use strict";a.d(t,{e:()=>n});let n={LEGACY:"legacy",ESSENTIAL:"essential",COMPLETE:"complete",OPEN_ACCESS:"open_access"};Object.values(n)},10068:(e,t,a)=>{"use strict";a.d(t,{NU:()=>m,S:()=>u,UF:()=>b,Xb:()=>d,bc:()=>c,oi:()=>h,tl:()=>p,zF:()=>g});var n=a(23846),i=a(30038),r=a(73208),o=a(33109),l=a(93354),s=a(9683);let u=(e,t,a)=>[{text:t("breadcrumbs.home.label",{defaultValue:"Home",ns:"book"}),link:(0,n.I)({path:"",locale:a})},{text:t("breadcrumbs.discover.label",{defaultValue:"Discover",ns:"book"}),link:(0,n.I)({path:"/search?query=&tab=topics&page=1&language=All&publicationDate=&topic=&publisher=&author=&format=",locale:a})},{text:e.subject?.[0]?.subject_name,link:(0,n.I)({path:e.subject?.[0]?.unique_url,locale:a})},{text:e.topics?.[0]?.topic_name,link:(0,n.I)({path:e.topics?.[0]?.unique_url,locale:a})},{text:e.title,link:e.public_url}].filter(e=>e.text&&e.link),d=(e,t,a)=>({items:e?.map(e=>({...e})).slice(0,4),totalItems:e?.length,url:((e,t)=>{switch(e){case"topics":return t.topics?t.topics[0].unique_url:"/";case"subjects":return t.subject?t.subject[0].unique_url:"/";default:return"/"}})(a,t)}),c=(e,t,a,n=!1,s)=>{if(i.R.setItem(l.SW.LAST_VISITED_BOOK_URL,e),i.R.setItem(l.SW.LAST_VISITED_BOOK_TITLE,t.title),!a){if((0,o.mR)(t),r.A.setItem(l.SW.LAST_VISITED_BOOK_HAS_FREEMIUM,JSON.stringify(n)),!s||Number.isNaN(s))return void r.A.removeItem(l.SW.LAST_VISITED_BOOK_PRICE_USD);r.A.setItem(l.SW.LAST_VISITED_BOOK_PRICE_USD,s.toString())}},p=e=>{let{subject:t,topics:a}=e,n=a?.map(e=>({...e,unique_url:`/discover/subtopic/${e.topic_id}/${e.unique_url.split("/")[3]}`})),i=t?.map(e=>({...e,unique_url:`/discover/topic/${e.subject_id}/${e.unique_url.split("/")[2]}`}));return{...e,subject:i,topics:n}},m=(e,t)=>{if(!e||!t)return null;let a=new URL(t).host,n=l.Fp[e];return n&&a===n?.referrerHost?n:null},b=(e,t,a)=>{if(!e)return null;let n=l.oj[e.publisherId];return n?n.filter(e=>e.id!==t).slice(0,a):null},g=(e,t)=>({readThisBookNowText:e("readThisBookNowButtonText",{ns:"translation",defaultValue:"Read this book now"}),findOtherBooksText:e("findOtherBooks.buttonText",{ns:"translation",defaultValue:"Find other books"}),findOtherBooksTooltipText:e("findOtherBooks.tooltipText",{ns:"translation",defaultValue:"This book isn't in the library right now, search for another"}),freePreview:e("freePreview",{ns:"translation",defaultValue:"free preview"}),bookAvailableUntilTooltipText:e("bookAvailableUntilTooltip",{ns:"translation",defaultValue:"This book is available to read until {{date}}",date:t?.date}),recommendations:{partner:{title:e("recommendations.partner.title",{defaultValue:"More from {{partnerLabel}}",partnerLabel:t?.partnerLabel,ns:"book"}),viewAllAriaLabel:e("recommendations.partner.viewAll.ariaLabel",{defaultValue:"View all books from {{partnerLabel}}",partnerLabel:t?.partnerLabel,ns:"book"})},viewAll:e("recommendations.viewAll",{defaultValue:"View all",ns:"book"})},relatedISBN:e("relatedISBN",{ns:"translation",defaultValue:"Related ISBNs"})}),h=e=>{let t=[s.e.LEGACY,s.e.OPEN_ACCESS],a=e?.filter(e=>!t.includes(e));return 1===a.length&&a[0]===s.e.COMPLETE}},16932:(e,t,a)=>{"use strict";a.r(t),a.d(t,{DiscoverTopicSubtopic:()=>v,default:()=>k});var n=a(37876),i=a(72377),r=a(18847),o=a.n(r),l=a(89099),s=a(14232),u=a(5743),d=a(80577),c=a(69512),p=a(49164),m=a(44427),b=a(48668);let g=a(87856).Ay.div.withConfig({displayName:"styles__Wrapper",componentId:"sc-cf6cbde1-0"})(["margin:32px 0;"]);var h=a(86631);let f=o()(()=>a.e(5991).then(a.bind(a,55991)),{loadableGenerated:{webpack:()=>[55991]}}),_=o()(()=>Promise.all([a.e(7810),a.e(8230),a.e(4914)]).then(a.bind(a,92533)),{loadableGenerated:{webpack:()=>[92533]}}),v=({referer:e,topic:t,sortedSubtopicsList:a,resolvedUrl:r,globals:o})=>

1{let[v,k]=(0,s.useState)(o),{locale:x,query:S}=(0,l.useRouter)(),{t:I}=(0,i.Bd)(),[w]=(0,p.A)(),{features:y}=(0,h.z)();(0,s.useEffect)(()=>{let e=!1,a=async()=>{if(!e){let e=await (0,u.g)(v.COUNTRY_CODE_LOCATION);k({...v,countryCode:e}),(0,b.A)({...v,countryCode:e})}};return(0,b.A)(v),a(),"XX"!==v.countryCode&&w({eventName:"page view",eventLabel:"",eventProperties:{tabLocation:"subtopics",topicId:t.id,platformLanguage:x,browserLanguage:window?.navigator?.language?.split("-")[0]||"en"},location:window.location}),()=>{e=!0}},[v.COUNTRY_CODE_LOCATION]);let T=(0,c.T)(t,e,v.isCrawler,I,x,null),A={subjectName:t.name,pageNo:S.page,uniqueUrl:t.uniqueUrlDiscover,tabName:"subtopics",breadcrumbNodes:T};return(0,n.jsxs)(n.Fragment,{children:[(0,n.jsx)(d.default,{page:"topic",pageData:A,locale:x}),(0,n.jsx)(m.ZY,{children:(0,n.jsxs)(g,{children:[(0,n.jsx)(_,{topic:t,activeTab:"subtopics",resolvedUrl:r,breadcrumbNodes:T}),(0,n.jsx)(f,{subtopicsList:a,iconUrl:t.iconLink})]})})]})},k=v},23846:(e,t,a)=>{"use strict";a.d(t,{I:()=>n});let n=({path:e,locale:t="en"})=>"en"===t?""===e?"/":e:"/"===e||""===e?`/${t}`:e?.startsWith("/?")?`/${t}${e.slice(1)}`:e?.startsWith(`/${t}/`)?e:e&&`/${t}${e}`},28479:(e,t,a)=>{"use strict";a.d(t,{a:()=>n});let n=e=>e.replace(".jpg","_300_450.webp").replace("www.perlego.com","img.perlego.com")},30265:(e,t,a)=>{"use strict";a.d(t,{QR:()=>s,kg:()=>i,qt:()=>l,XK:()=>o,r4:()=>r});let n=JSON.parse('[{"name":"English","abbreviation":"ENG","country":"United Kingdom","code":"gb","languageCode":"en","id":1},{"name":"German","abbreviation":"GER","country":"Germany","code":"de","languageCode":"de","id":2},{"name":"Italian","abbreviation":"ITA","country":"Italy","code":"it","languageCode":"it","id":3},{"name":"French","abbreviation":"FRA","country":"France","code":"fr","languageCode":"fr","id":4},{"name":"Spanish","abbreviation":"SPA","country":"Spain","code":"es","languageCode":"es","id":5}]'),i=e=>n.find(t=>t.name===e)||n[0],r={en:"English",it:"Italian",de:"German",fr:"French",es:"Spanish",pt:"Portuguese",sv:"Swedish"},o={ES:"es",EN:"en",DE:"de",IT:"it",FR:"fr",XX:"xx"},l=e=>Object.values(o).includes(e),s=[{name:"All languages",alias:"All",abbreviation:"All",country:"All",code:"all",id:0},{name:"English",abbreviation:"ENG",country:"United Kingdom",code:"en",id:1},{name:"German",abbreviation:"GER",country:"Germany",code:"de",id:2},{name:"Italian",abbreviation:"ITA",country:"Italy",code:"it",id:3},{name:"French",abbreviation:"FRA",country:"France",code:"fr",id:4},{name:"Spanish",abbreviation:"SPA",country:"Spain",code:"es",id:5},{name:"Portuguese",abbreviation:"POR",country:"Portugal",code:"pt",id:365},{name:"Swedish",abbreviation:"SWE",country:"Sweden",code:"sv",id:435}]},33109:(e,t,a)=>{"use strict";a.d(t,{Tk:()=>l,mR:()=>s});var n=a(30610),i="lastVisitedBookMetadata",r=function(e){if("object"!=typeof e||null===e)return!1;for(var t=0,a=Object.entries({id:1,title:"Title",author:"Author",date:"20231106",bookCover:"https://example.com/image.png",availableToPlanTypes:["legacy","essential","complete"]});t<a.length;t++){var n=a[t],i=n[0],r=n[1];if(!(i in e)||typeof r!=typeof e[i])return!1}return!0},o=function(){var e=localStorage.getItem(i);if(!e)return[];try{var t=JSON.parse(e);return Array.isArray(t)&&t.some(r)?t.filter(r):r(t)?[t]:[]}catch(e){return console.error("Error parsing lastVisitedBookMetadata from localStorage:",e),[]}},l=function(){var e=o()[0];return null!=e?e:null},s=function(e){try{var t=o().filter(function(t){return t.id!==e.id}),a=(0,n.Cl)((0,n.Cl)({},e),{visitedAt:(new Date).toISOString()}),r=(0,n.fX)([a],t,!0).slice(0,10);localStorage.setItem(i,JSON.stringify(r))}catch(e){console.error("Failed to save book metadata to localStorage:",e)}}},44427:(e,t,a)=>{"use strict";a.d(t,{ZY:()=>h});var n,i,r,o,l,s,u,d,c,p,m,b=a(30610),g=a(87856),h=g.Ay.div.withConfig({displayName:"Wrappers__g",componentId:"sc-75e7fdd4-0"})(o||(o=(0,b.ue)(["\n  padding: 0 16px;\n  height: 100%;\n  margin: 0 auto;\n\n  ","\n\n  ","\n\n  ","\n"],["\n  padding: 0 16px;\n  height: 100%;\n  margin: 0 auto;\n\n  ","\n\n  ","\n\n  ","\n"])),function(e){return e.theme.mq.atTablet(n||(n=(0,b.ue)(["\n    max-width: 941px;\n  "],["\n    max-width: 941px;\n  "])))},function(e){return e.theme.mq.atDesktop(i||(i=(0,b.ue)(["\n    padding: ",";\n    max-width: ",";\n  "],["\n    padding: ",";\n    max-width: ",";\n  "])),function(e){return e.$pageUsesSidebar?"0 56px 0 56px":"0 24px"},function(e){return e.$pageUsesSidebar?"1304px":"1186px"})},function(e){return e.theme.mq.atWidescreen(r||(r=(0,b.ue)(["\n    max-width: ",";\n  "],["\n    max-width: ",";\n  "])),function(e){return e.$pageUsesSidebar?"1440px":"1186px"})});

1g.Ay.div.withConfig({displayName:"Wrappers__c",componentId:"sc-75e7fdd4-1"})(u||(u=(0,b.ue)(["\n  padding: 0 24px;\n  margin: 0 auto;\n  height: 100%;\n\n  ","\n\n  ","\n"],["\n  padding: 0 24px;\n  margin: 0 auto;\n  height: 100%;\n\n  ","\n\n  ","\n"])),function(e){return e.theme.mq.atTablet(l||(l=(0,b.ue)(["\n    max-width: 1100px;\n  "],["\n    max-width: 1100px;\n  "])))},function(e){return e.theme.mq.atDesktop(s||(s=(0,b.ue)(["\n    max-width: 1400px;\n  "],["\n    max-width: 1400px;\n  "])))}),g.Ay.div.withConfig({displayName:"Wrappers__s",componentId:"sc-75e7fdd4-2"})(m||(m=(0,b.ue)(["\n  padding: 0;\n  margin: 0 auto;\n\n  & mark {\n    background-color: ",";\n  }\n\n  ","\n\n  ","\n\n  ","\n"],["\n  padding: 0;\n  margin: 0 auto;\n\n  & mark {\n    background-color: ",";\n  }\n\n  ","\n\n  ","\n\n  ","\n"])),function(e){return e.theme.colours.accent01200},function(e){return e.theme.mq.atTablet(d||(d=(0,b.ue)(["\n    max-width: 1023px;\n  "],["\n    max-width: 1023px;\n  "])))},function(e){var t=e.theme,a=e.$pageUsesSidebar;return t.mq.atDesktop(c||(c=(0,b.ue)(["\n    padding: ",";\n    max-width: ",";\n  "],["\n    padding: ",";\n    max-width: ",";\n  "])),a?"0 56px 0 56px":"0",a?"1304px":"1186px")},function(e){return e.theme.mq.atWidescreen(p||(p=(0,b.ue)(["\n    max-width: ",";\n  "],["\n    max-width: ",";\n  "])),function(e){return e.$pageUsesSidebar?"1440px":"1186px"})})},48668:(e,t,a)=>{"use strict";a.d(t,{A:()=>n});let n=e=>{let{features:t,ip:a,countryCode:n,...i}=e;window.globals={features:t,app_data:i,user_data:{requestIpAddress:a,requestIpCountryCode:n}}}},69512:(e,t,a)=>{"use strict";a.d(t,{T:()=>r,_:()=>o});var n=a(23846);let i=(e,t,a)=>e.includes("/search")?a("breadcrumbs.search.label",{defaultValue:"Search",ns:"book"}):t?"":a("navigation.browse.label",{ns:"translation",defaultValue:"Browse"}),r=(e,t,a,r,o,l=null)=>{let s=[{text:r("breadcrumbs.home.label",{defaultValue:"Home",ns:"book"}),link:(0,n.I)({path:"",locale:o}),ariaLabel:r("breadcrumbs.navigate_to",{text:r("breadcrumbs.home.label",{defaultValue:"Home",ns:"book"}),ns:"book",defaultValue:"Navigate to {{text}}"})},{text:i(t,a,r),link:`${t.includes("/search")?t:(0,n.I)({path:"/search?query=&tab=topics&page=1",locale:o})}`,ariaLabel:r("breadcrumbs.navigate_to",{text:i(t,a,r),ns:"book",defaultValue:"Navigate to {{text}}"})},{text:e?.name,link:(0,n.I)({path:e.uniqueUrlDiscover,locale:o}),ariaLabel:l?r("breadcrumbs.navigate_to",{text:e?.name,ns:"book",defaultValue:"Navigate to {{text}}"}):e?.name}];l&&s.push({text:l?.name,link:(0,n.I)({path:l.uniqueUrlDiscover,locale:o}),ariaLabel:l?.name});let u=s.filter(e=>e.text&&e.link);return u.map((e,t)=>({...e,ariaLabel:`${e.ariaLabel}, ${r("breadcrumbs.item_position",{current:t+1,total:u.length,ns:"book",defaultValue:"item {{current}} of {{total}}"})}`}))},o=(e,t,a)=>{let i=[{text:t("breadcrumbs.home.label",{defaultValue:"Home",ns:"book"}),link:(0,n.I)({path:"",locale:a}),ariaLabel:t("breadcrumbs.navigate_to",{text:t("breadcrumbs.home.label",{defaultValue:"Home",ns:"book"}),ns:"book",defaultValue:"Navigate to {{text}}"})},{text:t("navigation.browse.label",{ns:"translation",defaultValue:"Browse"}),link:(0,n.I)({path:"/search?query=&tab=publisher&page=1&language=All&publicationDate=&topic=&publisher=&author=&format=",locale:a}),ariaLabel:t("breadcrumbs.navigate_to",{text:t("navigation.browse.label",{ns:"translation",defaultValue:"Browse"}),ns:"book",defaultValue:"Navigate to {{text}}"})},{text:e?.name,link:(0,n.I)({path:e?.uniqueUrl,locale:a}),ariaLabel:e?.name}].filter(e=>e.text&&e.link);return i.map((e,a)=>({...e,ariaLabel:`${e.ariaLabel}, ${t("breadcrumbs.item_position",{current:a+1,total:i.length,ns:"book",defaultValue:"item {{current}} of {{total}}"})}`}))}},77328:(e,t,a)=>{e.exports=a(88022)},93354:(e,t,a)=>{"use strict";a.d(t,{Fp:()=>o,SW:()=>s,nR:()=>n,oj:()=>l,sW:()=>u});let n={FOR_DUMMIES:"for-dummies"},i={[n.FOR_DUMMIES]:100016},r={[n.FOR_DUMMIES]:9775},o={[i[n.FOR_DUMMIES]]:{name:n.FOR_DUMMIES,label:"For Dummies",partnerId:i[n.FOR_DUMMIES],publisherId:r[n.FOR_DUMMIES],publisherPageUrl:`/publisher/${r[n.FOR_DUMMIES]}/for-dummies`,referrerBasePath:"https://www.dummies.com/",referrerHost:"www.dummies.com"}},l={[r[n.FOR_DUMMIES]]:[{id:4351517,cover_thumbnail:"https://img.perlego.com/book-covers/4351517/thumbnail_9781394241194.jpg",title:"2024/2025 ASVAB For Dummies",author:"Angie Papple Johnston",date:"20240306",public_url:"/book/4351517/20242025-asvab-for-dummies-book-7-practice-tests-flashcards-videos-online-pdf",url:"/book/4351517/20242025-asvab-for-dummies-book-7-practice-tests-flashcards-videos-online-pdf"},{id:4404841,cover_thumbnail:"https://img.perlego.com/book-covers/4404841/9781394261895_200_300.webp",title:"SIE Exam 2025/2026 For Dummies",author:"Steven M. Rice",date:"20240424",public_url:"/book/4404841/sie-exam-20252026-for-dummies-securities-industry-essentials-exam-prep-practice-tests-flashcards-online-pdf",url:"/book/4404841/sie-exam-20252026-for-dummies-securities-industry-essentials-exam-prep-practice-tests-flashcards-online-pdf"},{id:4201789,cover_thumbnail:"https://img.perlego.com/book-covers/4201789/9781394183470_200_300.webp",title:"Digital SAT Prep 2024 For Dummies",author:"Ron Woldoff, Jane R. Burstein",date:"20230801",public_url:"/book/4201789/digital-sat-prep-2024-for-dummies-book-4-practice-tests-online-updated-for-the-new-digital-format-pdf",url:"/book/4201789/digital-sat-prep-2024-for-dummies-book-4-practice-tests-online-updated-for-the-new-digital-format-pdf"},{id:993122,cover_thumbnail:"https://img.perlego.com/books/RM_Books/wiley_hlvwyirv/thumbn

1ail_9781119345305.jpg",title:"Anatomy & Physiology For Dummies",author:"Erin Odya, Maggie A. Norris",date:"20170308",public_url:"/book/993122/anatomy-physiology-for-dummies-pdf",url:"/book/993122/anatomy-physiology-for-dummies-pdf"},{id:1646061,cover_thumbnail:"https://img.perlego.com/books/RM_Books/wiley_hlvwyirv/thumbnail_9781119660491.jpg",title:"Digital Marketing For Dummies",author:"Ryan Deiss, Russ Henneberry",date:"20200727",public_url:"/book/1646061/digital-marketing-for-dummies-pdf",url:"/book/1646061/digital-marketing-for-dummies-pdf"}]},s={LAST_VISITED_BOOK_URL:"lastVisitedBookURL",LAST_VISITED_BOOK_TITLE:"lastVisitedBookTitle",LAST_VISITED_BOOK_METADATA:"lastVisitedBookMetadata",LAST_VISITED_BOOK_HAS_FREEMIUM:"lastVisitedBookHasFreemium",LAST_VISITED_BOOK_PRICE_USD:"lastVisitedBookPriceUsd"},u={us:{price:11,currency:"USD",currencySymbol:"$"}}}}]);