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class="tdb-logo-text-tagline">Historical True Crime</span></span></h1></a></div></div> <!-- ./block --></div></div><div class="vc_column tdi_12 wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span4"> 520<style scoped>.tdi_12{vertical-align:baseline}.tdi_12>.wpb_wrapper,.tdi_12>.wpb_wrapper>.tdc-elements{display:block}.tdi_12>.wpb_wrapper>.tdc-elements{width:100%}.tdi_12>.wpb_wrapper>.vc_row_inner{width:auto}.tdi_12>.wpb_wrapper{width:auto;height:auto}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_12{vertical-align:middle}}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_12{width:20%!important;display:inline-block!important}}</style><div class="wpb_wrapper" ><div class="td_block_wrap tdb_mobile_search tdi_13 td-pb-border-top td_block_template_17 tdb-header-align" data-td-block-uid="tdi_13" > 521<style>@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_13{margin-right:-19px!important;margin-bottom:0px!important}}</style> 522<style>.tdb_mobile_search{margin-bottom:0;clear:none}.tdb_mobile_search 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.tdc-columns{width:100%}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_34,.tdi_34 .tdc-columns{flex-direction:column-reverse}}.tdi_34{padding-top:40px!important;padding-bottom:50px!important}.tdi_34 .td_block_wrap{text-align:left}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_34{padding-bottom:30px!important}}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_34{padding-bottom:0px!important}}</style> 602<div class="tdi_33_rand_style td-element-style" ></div><div class="vc_column tdi_36 wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span5"> 603<style scoped>.tdi_36{vertical-align:baseline}.tdi_36>.wpb_wrapper,.tdi_36>.wpb_wrapper>.tdc-elements{display:block}.tdi_36>.wpb_wrapper>.tdc-elements{width:100%}.tdi_36>.wpb_wrapper>.vc_row_inner{width:auto}.tdi_36>.wpb_wrapper{width:auto;height:auto}.tdi_36{flex-grow:1}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_36{padding-bottom:30px!important}}</style><div class="wpb_wrapper" ><div class="tdm_block td_block_wrap tdm_block_inline_text tdi_37 td-pb-border-top td_block_template_17" data-td-block-uid="tdi_37" > 604<style>.tdm_block.tdm_block_inline_text{margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:top}.tdm_block.tdm_block_inline_text .tdm-descr{margin-bottom:0;-webkit-transform:translateZ(0);transform:translateZ(0)}.tdc-row-content-vert-center .tdm-inline-text-yes{vertical-align:middle}.tdc-row-content-vert-bottom .tdm-inline-text-yes{vertical-align:bottom}.tdi_37{text-align:left!important}.tdi_37 .tdm-descr{color:#000000;font-family:Lora!important;font-size:40px!important;line-height:1!important;font-weight:600!important}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){.tdi_37 .tdm-descr{font-size:50px!important}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_37 .tdm-descr{font-size:48px!important}}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_37 .tdm-descr{font-size:50px!important}}</style><p class="tdm-descr">Introducing the Crime Capsule Podcast</p></div><div class="tdm_block td_block_wrap tdm_block_inline_text tdi_38 td-pb-border-top td_block_template_17" data-td-block-uid="tdi_38" > 605<style>.tdi_38{margin-top:30px!important;margin-bottom:30px!important}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_38{margin-top:20px!important;margin-bottom:20px!important}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_38{margin-top:15px!important}}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){.tdi_38{margin-top:20px!important}}</style> 606<style>.tdi_38{text-align:left!important}
606.tdi_38 .tdm-descr{color:#777777;font-family:Open Sans!important;font-size:17px!important;line-height:1.4!important}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){.tdi_38 .tdm-descr{font-size:15px!important}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_38 .tdm-descr{font-size:13px!important}}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_38 .tdm-descr{font-size:13px!important}}</style><p class="tdm-descr">Over the past year, we've been hard at work on a new part of the Crime Capsule network: the Crime Capsule Podcast, in partnership with Evergreen Productions. Crime Capsule Pod: History So Interesting, It's Criminal From DNA testing to the Dixie Mafia, we bring you new stories of true crime in American history. Join writer & host Benjamin Morris for exclusive interviews with authors from Arcadia Publishing, writing the hottest books on the most chilling stories of our countryâs past. Our first three-part series focuses on the case of Tina Faelz and the insights of author Joshua Suchon, a story which seasoned Crime Capsule readers will know. In our second series...</p></div><div class="tdm_block td_block_wrap tdm_block_button tdi_39 tdm-block-button-inline tdm-content-horiz-left td-pb-border-top td_block_template_17" data-td-block-uid="tdi_39" > 607<style>.tdi_39 .tdm-btn{height:auto;padding:18px 40px}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){.tdi_39 .tdm-btn{height:auto;padding:15px 30px}}@media (min-width:768px) and (max-width:1018px){.tdi_39 .tdm-btn{height:auto;padding:15px 30px}}@media (max-width:767px){.tdi_39 .tdm-btn{height:auto;padding:15px 30px}}</style> 608<style>body .tdi_40{background-color:#000000}body .tdi_40:before{background-color:#dd3333}.tdi_40{padding:18px 40px;height:auto;line-height:1;font-family:Raleway!important;font-size:13px!important;font-weight:600!important;letter-spacing:1px!important}.tdi_40,.tdi_40:before{border-radius:3px}@media (min-width:1019px) and (max-width:1140px){.tdi_40{padding:15px 30px;height:auto;line-height:1}.tdi_40{font-size:12px!important}}@media (min-width:768px) and 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758 <span class="td-post-date"> 759 <time class="entry-date updated td-module-date" datetime="2020-01-30T19:13:17+00:00" >January 30, 2020</time> 760 </span> 761 762 <div class="td-post-comments"> 763 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/new-to-crime-capsule-start-here/#respond"> 764 <i class="td-icon-comments"></i> 765 0 </a> 766 </div> 767 </div> 768 769 <div class="td-module-thumb"> 770 771 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/new-to-crime-capsule-start-here/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap" title="New to Crime Capsule? Start Here."> 772 <img class="entry-thumb" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/handcuffs-photo-by-bill-oxford-768x512.jpg" alt="New to Crime Capsule? Start Here." title="New to Crime Capsule? Start Here." /> 773 </a> 774 </div> 775 776 <div class="td-post-text-content td-post-content tagdiv-type"> 777 778<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><em>Whatâs Crime Capsule about?</em> </h2> 779 780 781 782<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Our mission is to dig up true 783crime stories from Americaâs past and bring them to Americaâs present. Every 784week we publish historic true crime stories, solved and unsolved. The smoking gun. The bloodstained knife. Nothing 785fascinates us more than the deeds and misdeeds of our citizens that have 786stunned our communities and in some cases, shaped our nation. We love the wily 787ways that crooks just slip past the law, and we crave the stray piece of 788evidence that clinches a case. We hate the crimes, but wonder at the criminals: 789who were they? Where did they come from? What drove them to do what they did?</p> 790 791 792 793<p class="wp-block-paragraph">We travel the country looking 794for the local, the weird, and the untold. We celebrate local authors who know 795their stuff: who are passionate about their communities, and whose long hours 796of research have given us amazing accounts of crime chock-full of all the gory 797details (often literally). Itâs our privilege to bring those stories to you. </p> 798 799 800 801<p class="wp-block-paragraph">For more about us and our partners, check out our <a href="/about-us/">About Us</a> page.</p> 802 803 804 805<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><em>What can you expect?</em></h2> 806 807 808 809<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Every week, we add new true crime stories to the website, currently on a variety of topics: 810</p> 811 812 813 814<ul class="wp-block-list"><li><a href="/category/murder/">Murder</a></li><li><a href="/category/murder/serial-killers/">Serial Killers</a></li><li><a href="/category/white-collar-crime/">White Collar Crime</a></li><li><a href="/category/unsolved-crimes/">Unsolved Crimes</a></li><li><a href="/category/female-criminals/">Female Criminals</a></li><li><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/organized-crime/">Organized Crime</a> & <a href="/category/organized-crime/the-mob/">The Mob</a></li><li><a href="/category/bootlegging">Bootlegging</a></li><li><a href="/category/law-enforcement/">Law Enforcement</a></li><li><a href="/category/theft">Theft</a></li><li><a href="/category/scams/">Scams</a></li></ul> 815 816 817 818<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Expect new stories each week: 819narrative articles, rogueâs galleries, author interviews, and more. Weâre only 820just getting started!</p> 821 822 823 824<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><em>How can you get involved? </em></h2> 825 826 827 828<p class="wp-block-paragraph">First off, sign up for our 829email newsletter. In addition to killer stories <groan> arriving weekly 830in your inbox, youâll also receive special offers and discounts on true crime 831books, local history titles, and exclusive freebies. </p> 832 833 834 835<p class="wp-block-paragraph">[mc4wp_form id=”633″]</p> 836 837 838 839<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Second, to welcome you to the family, weâre offering a <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/murderess-three-female-killers-get-free-ebook/">free PDF eBook</a> about three infamous lady slayers of the past, called <em><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/murderess-three-female-killers-get-free-ebook/">Murderesses</a></em>. Watch out for more of these in the futureâno five-fingered discount required! </p> 840 841 842 843<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Last, follow us on Facebook, 844Instagram and Pinterest. After that your next true crime fix will only ever be 845a click away. And feel free to pass our articles around to your friendsâafter 846all, at Crime Capsule, we believe the best capers are always shared.</p> 847 848 849 850<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Follow us on <a href="https://www.facebook.com/crimecapsule/">Facebook</a>, <a href="https://www.instagram.com/crime_capsule">Instagram</a> and <a href="https://twitter.com/Crime_Capsule">Twitter</a>.</p> 851 852 853 854<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p> 855 856 857 858<p class="wp-block-paragraph">If youâre not sure where to dive in, let us introduce you to some of our favorite stories thus far. <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/olympia-beer-murder-joann-dewey/">Learn how a beer bottle helped solve a murder case in Vancouver, Washington</a>. Or <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/how-to-rig-an-election/">enjoy some good-old fashioned public corruption in Pittsburgh</a>
858. Or <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/alabamas-most-dashing-delinquents/">meet some of the most dashing delinquents in all of Alabamaâs history</a>. Wherever you end up, from all of us here at Crime Capsule, thanks so much for readingâitâs a pleasure to have you behind our bars!</p> 859 </div> 860 </div> 861 862 </div> 863 <div class="td_module_15 td_module_wrap clearfix post-1452 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-featured category-law-enforcement category-murder category-unsolved-crimes tag-cold-case tag-dna tag-forensics tag-law-enforcement tag-murder tag-south-carolina" > 864 <div class="item-details"> 865 <h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"> 866 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/cold-case-cracked-lieutenant-rita-shulers-40-year-quest-for-justice/" rel="bookmark" title="Cold Case Cracked: Lieutenant Rita Shulerâs 40-Year Quest for Justice"> 867 Cold Case Cracked: Lieutenant Rita Shulerâs 40-Year Quest for Justice </a> 868 </h3> 869 870 <div class="td-module-meta-info"> 871 <ul class="td-category"> 872 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/featured/">Featured</a></li> 873 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/law-enforcement/">Law Enforcement</a></li> 874 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/murder/">Murder</a></li> 875 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/unsolved-crimes/">Unsolved Crimes</a></li> 876 </ul> 877 878 <div class="td-post-author-name"> 879 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/author/crimecapsule/">crimecapsule</a> 880 <div class="td-author-line"> - </div> 881 </div> 882 883 <span class="td-post-date"> 884 <time class="entry-date updated td-module-date" datetime="2021-04-01T18:08:00+00:00" >April 1, 2021</time> 885 </span> 886 887 <div class="td-post-comments"> 888 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/cold-case-cracked-lieutenant-rita-shulers-40-year-quest-for-justice/#respond"> 889 <i class="td-icon-comments"></i> 890 0 </a> 891 </div> 892 </div> 893 894 <div class="td-module-thumb"> 895 896 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/cold-case-cracked-lieutenant-rita-shulers-40-year-quest-for-justice/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap" title="Cold Case Cracked: Lieutenant Rita Shulerâs 40-Year Quest for Justice"> 897 <img class="entry-thumb" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-30-at-11.38.24-PM.png" alt="Cold Case Cracked: Lieutenant Rita Shulerâs 40-Year Quest for Justice" title="Cold Case Cracked: Lieutenant Rita Shulerâs 40-Year Quest for Justice" /> 898 </a> 899 </div> 900 901 <div class="td-post-text-content td-post-content tagdiv-type"> 902 903<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The evidence was overwhelming. Blood, fingerprints, clothing, even the murder weapon were all found on scene. But none of it matched upâwhen Gwendolyn Elaine Fogle was murdered in her own home in Walterboro, South Carolina, in 1978, it was like her killer had vanished into thin air, bloody footprints and all. Until Rita Shuler came along and tracked him for nearly 40 years.</p> 904 905 906 907<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Shuler, a special investigator for the South Carolina Law Enforcement Division (SLED), had first joined the case as supervisor of the SLED Forensics Photography Lab, processing and developing the photos from the crime scene. In 1978, the only digital cameras around were the ones you operated
907with your own ten digits, so every bit of photographic evidence that SLED collected required trained, careful handling from their arrival in the darkroom to their deposit in the case file.</p> 908 909 910 911<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Those photos would prove crucial to finding Fogleâs killer. Surprised in her own home late one night during what appeared to be a foiled robbery, Fogle had been beaten, sexually assaulted, and strangled with a fireplace poker in a particularly violent slaying. Feeling an uncanny kinship with Fogle, from their age to their upbringing even to the kind of shoes and sweaters they both wore, Rita Shuler took the hunt personally, vowing never to rest until the culprit was caught.</p> 912 913 914 915<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="590" height="445" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-30-at-11.40.33-PM.png" alt="A photo from the murder case Rita Shuler worked on." class="wp-image-1466" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-30-at-11.40.33-PM.png 590w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-30-at-11.40.33-PM-300x226.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-30-at-11.40.33-PM-80x60.png 80w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-30-at-11.40.33-PM-557x420.png 557w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 590px) 100vw, 590px" /><figcaption>Metal fire poker that was around Elaine Fogleâs neck. <em>Elaine Fogle case file</em>.</figcaption></figure></div> 916 917 918 919<h2 class="wp-block-heading">The Case Goes Cold</h2> 920 921 922 923<p class="wp-block-paragraph">That rest wouldnât come for many years. Despite the considerable evidence collected at the scene, none of it offered any concrete leads, only partial pictures of the perpetrator. Worse, <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/convicting-serial-killer-roy-melanson-the-shoddy-soddi-defense/">as so often happens in sensational cases</a>, early leadsâin this case, of violent neighborsâturned out over time to be red herrings, throwing investigators off the trail. Weeks became months, and still Fogleâs family waited for justice. In 1985, seven years after her murder, with no new evidence forthcoming, SLED was forced to put the case on ice.</p> 924 925 926 927<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Yet Rita Shuler never gave upâthe case bugged her, kept her up at night, pestered her even as she moved on to other opportunities, even after she retired in 2001. Yet keeping track of the new developments in forensic technology, she never lost faith that one day the evidence might tell the story in a way that it couldnât in 1978, as it had before (for example, with <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/olympia-beer-murder-joann-dewey/">JoAnn Dewey</a>, <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/convicting-serial-killer-roy-melanson-the-shoddy-soddi-defense/">Anita Andrews</a>, and <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/what-happens-when-the-dead-begin-to-speak/?utm_source=crime%20capsule&utm_medium=blog&utm_campaign=article&utm_term=murder%20in%20pleasanton">Tina Faelz</a>).</p> 928 929 930 931<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Shuler was right. With the emergence of DNA testing, criminal forensics had undergone a revolution, blowing the hinges off cases long thought to be sealed away forever. In the early 2000s, SLED reopened Fogleâs case, resubmitting evidence for examination and establishing matches for male DNA found on-scene. These revelations didnât happen overnightâin the intervening decades, crucial pieces of evidence had been lost amid the complicated chain of custody, and the initial results from DNA testing werenât enough to pinpoint a specific individual right awayâbut they did offer new leads, and most importantly, new hope.</p> 932 933 934 935<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="591" height="420" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-30-at-11.43.58-PM.png" alt="Rita Shuler standing with Gean Johnson." class="wp-image-1467" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-30-at-11.43.58-PM.png 591w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-30-at-11.43.58-PM-300x213.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-30-at-11.43.58-PM-100x70.png 100w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 591px) 100v
935w, 591px" /><figcaption>Corporal Gean Johnson and retired SLED agent lieutenant Rita Shuler. <em>Photo by Vicky Hall</em>.</figcaption></figure></div> 936 937 938 939<p class="wp-block-paragraph">So much hope, in fact, that in 2015 the new lead investigator in Walterboro, Corporal Gean Johnson, had made Fogleâs murder his top priority for cold casesâeven calling Shuler out of retirement to help him solve it. After months of reviewing every piece of evidence still remaining, every report, every page of every case file, and every new method now available, Johnson and Shuler stumbled on a breakthrough that clinched it once and for all, thirty-seven years later.</p> 940 941 942 943<h2 class="wp-block-heading">A Case-Cracking Photo</h2> 944 945 946 947<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Whodunit? Well, we canât spoil everything hereâbut we can say that in a remarkable twist of fate, it was a single photograph that Shuler had first handled back in 1978 that provided the key piece of evidence to identify Fogleâs killer. Want to read more? Shuler herself tells the full story in her book <em>The Lowcountry Murder of Gwendolyn Elaine Fogle</em>, a riveting account of the crime, the investigation, and ultimately, the cold case cracked.</p> 948 949 950 951<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Here at Crime Capsule weâre always proud to feature the men and women of law enforcement who work tirelessly in pursuit of justice. To Lieutenant Rita Shulerânow happily retired for a second timeâto Corporal Gean Johnson, and to all those still in active service, we salute you!</p> 952 953 954 955<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p> 956 957 958 959<div class="wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile" style="grid-template-columns:35% auto"><figure class="wp-block-media-text__media"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="451" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/The-Lowcountry-Murder-of-Gwendolyn-Elaine-Fogle.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1464 size-full" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/The-Lowcountry-Murder-of-Gwendolyn-Elaine-Fogle.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/The-Lowcountry-Murder-of-Gwendolyn-Elaine-Fogle-200x300.png 200w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/The-Lowcountry-Murder-of-Gwendolyn-Elaine-Fogle-279x420.png 279w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></figure><div class="wp-block-media-text__content"> 960<p class="wp-block-paragraph">For decades, evidence of the 1978 murder of Gwendolyn Elaine Fogle lay in the evidence room at the Walterboro Police Department. Investigators periodically revisited the case over the years, but it remained the departmentâs top cold case for thirty-seven years. Special Agent Lieutenant Rita Shuler worked on the case shortly after she joined the South Carolina Law Enforcement Division (SLED), and she couldnât let it go, not even after her retirement in 2001. In May 2015, Lieutenant Shuler teamed up with new investigator Corporal Gean Johnson, and together they uncovered key evidence that had been overlooked. With new advancements in DNA and fingerprint technology, they brought the case to its end in just four months. Join Shuler as she details the gruesome history of this finally solved case.</p> 961 962 963 964<div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> 965<div class="wp-block-button"><a class="wp-block-button__link" href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467147002" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Buy Now</a></div> 966</div> 967</div></div> 968 969 970 971<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><em>Looking for more to read during quarantine? <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/quarantine-read/?utm_source=ArcadiaD2C&utm_medium=facebook&utm_campaign=Quarantine_Reads">Check out our quaran-reads here</a>. Finding us for the first time, and want to learn more about what we do? <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/new-to-crime-capsule-start-here/">Visit our welcome page and sign up for the Crime Capsule email newsletter</a>. See you behind bars!</em></p> 972 </div> 973 </div> 974 975 </div> 976 <div class="td_module_15 td_module_wrap clearfix post-1454 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-general-crime category-serial-killers" > 977 <div class="item-details"> 978 <h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"> 979 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/meet-three-of-americas-forgotten-early-serial-killers/" rel="bookmark" title="Meet Three of America’s Forgotten Early Serial Killers"> 980 Meet Three of America’s Forgotten Early Serial Killers </a> 981 </h3> 982 983 <div class="td-module-meta-info"> 984 <ul class="td-category"> 985 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/general-crime/">General Crime</a></li> 986 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/murder/serial-killers/">Serial Killers</a></li> 987 </ul> 988 989 <div class="td-post-author-name"> 990 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/author/crimecapsule/">crimecapsule</a> 991 <div class="td-author-line"> - </div> 992 </div> 993
994 <span class="td-post-date"> 995 <time class="entry-date updated td-module-date" datetime="2021-03-29T17:09:06+00:00" >March 29, 2021</time> 996 </span> 997 998 <div class="td-post-comments"> 999 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/meet-three-of-americas-forgotten-early-serial-killers/#respond"> 1000 <i class="td-icon-comments"></i> 1001 0 </a> 1002 </div> 1003 </div> 1004 1005 <div class="td-module-thumb"> 1006 1007 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/meet-three-of-americas-forgotten-early-serial-killers/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap" title="Meet Three of America’s Forgotten Early Serial Killers"> 1008 <img class="entry-thumb" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.30.34-PM.png" alt="Meet Three of America’s Forgotten Early Serial Killers" title="Meet Three of America’s Forgotten Early Serial Killers" /> 1009 </a> 1010 </div> 1011 1012 <div class="td-post-text-content td-post-content tagdiv-type"> 1013 1014<p class="wp-block-paragraph">If youâre a true crime fan, youâre probably <a href="https://www.history.com/news/why-americans-are-so-fascinated-by-serial-killers">interested in serial killers</a>. The scale of their murders and the twistedness of their minds are fascinating to anyone. Although serial killers have always existed, the concept wasnât defined until 1975 by FBI agent Robert Ressler. The term âserial killerâ entered the public lexicon during the 1981 investigation of <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/atlanta-child-murders/">Atlanta child killer Wayne Williams</a>. In some ways, our view of serial murder has changed a lot throughout American history, and in many ways, it hasnât. These books tell the tales of serial killers before modern criminology could hope to understand them.</p> 1015 1016 1017 1018<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Alfred Knapp: <a href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467117500">The First Celebrity Serial Killer in Southwest Ohio</a></h3> 1019 1020 1021 1022<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.43.16-PM.png" alt="An illustration of Ohio serial killer Alfred Knapp." class="wp-image-1459" width="589" height="587" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.43.16-PM.png 702w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.43.16-PM-300x300.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.43.16-PM-150x150.png 150w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.43.16-PM-696x694.png 696w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.43.16-PM-421x420.png 421w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 589px) 100vw, 589px" /><figcaption>In 1934, the Hamilton Evening Journal published a recap of the Alfred Knapp case with this evocative illustration. Courtesy of the Hamilton Evening Journal.</figcaption></figure></div> 1023 1024 1025 1026<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Serial killers have been media sensations from the very beginning â just look at Alfred Knapp. He was arrested for bigamy in February 1903 after getting married to his fourth wife while his third wife, Hannah Goddard, was missing, and it didnât take long for Knapp to confess to Hannahâs murder. The crime shocked Hamilton, Ohio, but a more stunning confession quickly followed: between 1894 and 1903, he killed three young women and girls in Cincinnatti and Indianapolis, plus his second wife, Jennie Connors, whose death was originally ruled a suicide. </p> 1027 1028 1029 1030<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Overnight, the criminal became a celebrity. So many reporters came to Hamilton that the telegram company âbrought in two more operators to handle the volume of transmissions headed to newspapers around the country.â Like many serial killers after him, Knapp basked in the glow of the attention. He spoke to reporters through the bars of his cell the Thursday after his confession, detailing his crimes with both calmness and drama â âwhen talking about strangling his victims, his fingers would draw up with tension like talons of a bird of prey.â As Rick Kennedy wrote in his book on the case, <em>
1030The First Celebrity Serial Killer in Southwest Ohio</em>, âthe only action capable of keeping [Knappâs] mouth shut was the application of 1,750 volts of electricity while he was strapped to the chair.â</p> 1031 1032 1033 1034<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.46.18-PM.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1460" width="444" height="532" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.46.18-PM.png 532w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.46.18-PM-250x300.png 250w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.46.18-PM-350x420.png 350w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 444px) 100vw, 444px" /><figcaption>During his brief reprieve while his trial was being appealed, Alfred Knapp passed out copies of his “death portrait” to his fellow prisoners in the Butler County jail. Courtesy of the Ohio Department of Corrections.</figcaption></figure></div> 1035 1036 1037 1038<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Just like today, the publicâs biggest question about serial murder was âWhy?â Back then, they turned to physiognomy, the practice of analyzing someoneâs personality based on their appearance. Itâs considered a pseudoscience today, but one anonymous doctor told the <em>Hamilton Evening Sun </em>that â[Knappâs] receding forehead shows lack of intellect ⦠his manner is certainly that of a degenerate.â</p> 1039 1040 1041 1042<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Weâll never know the âwhyâ behind Alfred Knappâs crimes, but his celebrity foreshadowed centuries of true crime mania.</p> 1043 1044 1045 1046<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><a href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467148177"> The Arkansas Hitchhike Killer: James Waybern âRedâ Hall</a></h3> 1047 1048 1049 1050<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="579" height="531" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.36.54-PM.png" alt="Serial killer Red Hall leads police to the remains of his victim. " class="wp-image-1457" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.36.54-PM.png 579w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.36.54-PM-300x275.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.36.54-PM-458x420.png 458w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 579px) 100vw, 579px" /><figcaption>Prosecuting Attorney Sam Robinson holds Fayrene Clemmons’s skull after Hall (in cabbie’s cap) led lawmen and reporters to her remains. Copyright Arkansas Democrat-Gazette.</figcaption></figure></div> 1051 1052 1053 1054<p class="wp-block-paragraph">World War II dominated American headlines in the 1940s, but that didnât stop James Waybern âRedâ Hall from drawing plenty of attention in Arkansas newspapers. After he was dishonorably discharged from the U.S. Navy in 1943, he came home to Little Rock and married 19-year-old Fayrene Clemmons. Less than a year later, Fay vanished. Hall claimed that she had deserted him, and with no evidence to suggest otherwise, she was dismissed as a runaway. </p> 1055 1056 1057 1058<p class="wp-block-paragraph">As 1945 began, police had a new mystery to solve â between January and March, three motorists were found shot dead in or near their cars, abandoned on the side of the highway. Police quickly realized the crimes were linked, and the hunt for the Hitchhike Killer began. Before long, the trail led to Red Hall. On the surface, the friendly, red-haired cab driver didnât seem like a killer, but he admitted to all four of the murders and alluded to even more. </p> 1059 1060 1061 1062<p class="wp-block-paragraph">âThe truth is, if I told you about every person I have killed, people wouldnât believe it,â he told detectives. âThere are so many, I canât remember.â </p> 1063 1064 1065 1066<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.39.46-PM.png" alt="Arkansas serial killer James Waybern "Red" Hall with police detective." class="wp-image-1458" width="473" height="589" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.39.46-PM.png 579w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.39.46-PM-241x300.png 241w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.39.46-PM-337x420.png 337w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 473px) 100vw, 473px" /><figcaption>Detective Herbert Peterson (left) and James Waybern “Red” Hall. Copyright Arkansas Democrat-Gazette.</figcaption></figure></div> 1067 1068 1069 1070<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Hall stole from all his victims, but itâs hard to tell whether the robbery was the point, or if, like the most famous serial killers, he was more psychologically driven. Before going to the electric chair in 1946, he considered donating his body to science: âMaybe they could figure out whatâs wrong with me, why I did what I did.â </p> 1071 1072 1073 1074<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In her book covering Hallâs crimes, Janie Nesbitt Jones writes that âby any estimation, when Hall confessed to seventeen slayings (and insinuated more), he secured his place in the pantheon of serial killers.â Had Hall committed his crimes a few decades later, he might have gained the lasting infamy that follows Ted Bundy and Jeffrey Dahmer â but with a war on, there was no room in the public consciousness for crimes like these. </p> 1075 1076 1077 1078<h3 class="wp-block-heading"><a href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467143622">Seattleâs Forgotten Serial Killer: Gary Gene Grant</a></h3> 1079 1080 1081 1082<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.30.34-PM.png" alt="Victims of serial killer Gary Gene Grant are removed from the crime scene." class="wp-image-1455" width="574" height="429" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.30.34-PM.png 535w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.30.34-PM-300x224.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.30.34-PM-80x60.png 80w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.30.34-PM-265x198.png 265w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 574px) 100vw, 574px" /><figcaption>The murdered bodies of Scott Andrews and Bradley Lyons are removed from the scene. Courtesy of Renton Record Chronicle/Renton Historical Society.</figcaption></figure></div> 1083 1084 1085 1086<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In April, 1971, Seattle was rocked by the brutal murder of two six-year-old boys, Scott Andrews and Bradley Lyons. The friends were playing outside when they vanished, only to be found days later stabbed and strangled. The clues led investigators to Gary Grant, a nineteen-year-old high school dropout. They believed that Grant might know something about the murders, but were stunned when he confessed to killing the boys himself. And those werenât all â Grant also confessed to the murders of two teenage girls, Carol Erickson and Joanne Zuluaf, in 1969 and 1970. </p> 1087 1088 1089 1090<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.33.32-PM.png" alt="Seattle serial killer Gary Gene Grant" class="wp-image-1456" width="240" height="445" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.33.32-PM.png 195w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Screen-Shot-2021-03-26-at-2.33.32-PM-162x300.png 162w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 240px) 100v
1090w, 240px" /><figcaption>Courtesy of Renton Record Chronicle.</figcaption></figure></div> 1091 1092 1093 1094<p class="wp-block-paragraph">These crimes took place shortly before FBI agent Robert Ressler <a href="https://www.npr.org/2013/12/29/258160192/the-fbi-investigator-who-coined-the-term-serial-killer">coined the term âserial killerâ</a>. Like many of the killers Ressler studied, Grant had a traumatic childhood. During his trial, the defense argued that he faced âextreme turmoil in his early years of lifeâ because of his motherâs alcoholism, and the âsplit personalityâ that resulted made him not guilty by reason of insanity. The jury didnât buy it, though they did spare him the death penalty. </p> 1095 1096 1097 1098<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Grant is still alive and in prison today, but, like most of the countryâs earlier serial murderers, heâs been left to fade into obscurity. About a decade after his crimes, serial killers would rise to new heights in American pop culture â and based on how popular true crime continues to be, it doesnât look like our fascination with them will end anytime soon.</p> 1099 1100 1101 1102<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Interested in learning more about these early cases of serial murder? Read more about each below and visit our bookstore to snag a copy:</h3> 1103 1104 1105 1106<div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> 1107<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> 1108<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="450" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/the-first-celebrity-serial-killer-in-southwest-ohio.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1461" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/the-first-celebrity-serial-killer-in-southwest-ohio.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/the-first-celebrity-serial-killer-in-southwest-ohio-200x300.png 200w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/the-first-celebrity-serial-killer-in-southwest-ohio-280x420.png 280w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></figure> 1109 1110 1111 1112<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:12px">Just before Christmas 1902, Alfred Knapp strangled his wife in her sleep. He put her body in a box and sent the box floating down the Great Miami River, telling everyone that Hannah had left him. When the truth came out, Knapp confessed to four other murders. Newspapers across the Midwest sent reporters to interview the handsome strangler. Despite spending most of his adulthood in prison, he had a charming, boyish manner that made him an instant celebrity serial killer. True crime historian Richard O Jones examines the strangler’s alleged crimes, the family drama of covering up Knapp’s atrocities and how a brain-damaged drifter became a media darling.</p> 1113 1114 1115 1116<div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> 1117<div class="wp-block-button"><a class="wp-block-button__link" href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467117500?utm_source=arcadiad2c&utm_medium=crimecapsule&utm_term=crimecapsule&utm_content=crimecapsule&utm_campaign=crimecapsule">Buy Now</a></div> 1118</div> 1119 1120 1121 1122<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p> 1123</div> 1124 1125 1126 1127<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> 1128<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="450" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/the-arkansas-hitchhike-killer.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1462" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/the-arkansas-hitchhike-killer.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/the-arkansas-hitchhike-killer-200x300.png 200w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/the-arkansas-hitchhike-killer-280x420.png 280w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></figure> 1129 1130 1131 1132<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:12px">Faulkner County native Red Hall was a serial killer who confessed to murdering at least twenty-four people. Most of his victims were motorists who picked him up as he hitchhiked around the United States. In the closing months of World War II, he beat his wife to death and went on a killing spree across the state. His signature smile lured his victims to their doom, and even after his capture, he maintained a friendly manner, being described by one lawman as âa pleasant conversationalist.â Author Janie Nesbitt Jones chronicles his life for the first time and explores reasons why he became Arkansasâs Hitchhike Killer.</p> 1133 1134 1135 1136<div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> 1137<div class="wp-block-button"><a class="wp-block-button__link" href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467148177?utm_source=arcadiad2c&utm_medium=crimecapsule&utm_term=crimecapsule&utm_content=crimecapsule&utm_campaign=crimecapsule">Buy Now</a></div> 1138</div> 1139</div> 1140 1141 1142 1143<div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> 1144<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="449" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/seattles-forgotten-serial-killer.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1463" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/seattles-forgotten-serial-killer.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/seattles-forgotten-serial-killer-200x300.png 200w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/seattles-forgotten-serial-killer-281x420.png 281w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 300px) 100v
1144w, 300px" /></figure> 1145 1146 1147 1148<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:12px">âAn in-depth look at the 1971 trial of a serial killer whoâs been mostly forgotten â except to those who were forever impacted.â-The Seattle Times</p> 1149 1150 1151 1152<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:12px">In 1969, the body of a young woman was discovered in the woods of Renton, rocking the communities along Puget Sound. Three more brutal murders followed, drawing the attention of multiple police agencies as they tried to piece together the meager clues left behind. The seemingly unrelated cases challenged detectives, who struggled to realize they were all connected to one man: Gary Gene Grant. Before the term âserial killerâ was even coined, Grant stalked his prey, destroying lives and families while walking unseen among the masses. Decades later, his crimes have all but been forgotten. Join author and homicide investigator Cloyd Steiger as he uncovers the story of the murderer who slipped through the cracks of history.</p> 1153 1154 1155 1156<div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> 1157<div class="wp-block-button"><a class="wp-block-button__link" href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467143622?utm_source=arcadiad2c&utm_medium=crimecapsule&utm_term=crimecapsule&utm_content=crimecapsule&utm_campaign=crimecapsule">Buy Now</a></div> 1158</div> 1159</div> 1160</div> 1161 1162 1163 1164<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p> 1165 </div> 1166 </div> 1167 1168 </div> 1169 <div class="td_module_15 td_module_wrap clearfix post-1443 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-featured category-unsolved-crimes tag-conspiracy tag-cover-up tag-government tag-ohio tag-pollution" > 1170 <div class="item-details"> 1171 <h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"> 1172 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/did-government-officials-cover-up-a-lethal-ohio-school-poisoning/" rel="bookmark" title="Did Government Officials Cover Up a Lethal Ohio School Poisoning?"> 1173 Did Government Officials Cover Up a Lethal Ohio School Poisoning? </a> 1174 </h3> 1175 1176 <div class="td-module-meta-info"> 1177 <ul class="td-category"> 1178 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/featured/">Featured</a></li> 1179 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/unsolved-crimes/">Unsolved Crimes</a></li> 1180 </ul> 1181 1182 <div class="td-post-author-name"> 1183 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/author/crimecapsule/">crimecapsule</a> 1184 <div class="td-author-line"> - </div> 1185 </div> 1186 1187 <span class="td-post-date"> 1188 <time class="entry-date updated td-module-date" datetime="2021-03-08T19:05:54+00:00" >March 8, 2021</time> 1189 </span> 1190 1191 <div class="td-post-comments"> 1192 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/did-government-officials-cover-up-a-lethal-ohio-school-poisoning/#respond"> 1193 <i class="td-icon-comments"></i> 1194 0 </a> 1195 </div> 1196 </div> 1197 1198 <div class="td-module-thumb"> 1199 1200 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/did-government-officials-cover-up-a-lethal-ohio-school-poisoning/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap" title="Did Government Officials Cover Up a Lethal Ohio School Poisoning?"> 1201 <img class="entry-thumb" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/poisoning-image-revised-768x380.png" alt="Did Government Officials Cover Up a Lethal Ohio School Poisoning?" title="Did Government Officials Cover Up a Lethal Ohio School Poisoning?" /> 1202 </a> 1203 </div> 1204 1205 <div class="td-post-text-content td-post-content tagdiv-type"> 1206 1207<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Twenty-seven thousand tons of contaminated soils. Fifty-eight thousand radioactive radium markers. A death rate from leukemia 122% higher than the rest of the state. And over fifty years of official uncertainty, misinformation, and doubt around a lethal school poisoning.</p> 1208 1209 1210 1211<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The numbers have the answer, but the question is: what the heck happened in Marion County, Ohio?</p> 1212 1213 1214 1215<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In his new book <em>The School Poisoning Tragedy in Caledonia, Ohio</em>, author and historian Dr. James Van Keuren tells the story of the tragic mishandling of the former Marion Engineer Depot (MED) in Caledonia, Ohio, a former World War II-era munitions handling site that left a deadly legacy for area residents. During the war years, the MED was one of the largest receiving and staging areas for weapons and materiel headed to the troops overseas. Yet the toxic chemicals used in munitions handling and storage, as well as radioactive elements found in artifacts like night-vision scopes, were improperly dumped and disposed of on-siteâa fact that lay dormant for decades.</p> 1216 1217 1218 1219<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="694" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-1024x694.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1445" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-1024x694.png 1024w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-300x203.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-768x521.png 768w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-696x472.png 696w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-1068x724.png 1068w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-620x420.png 620w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image.png 1440w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><strong>One of many rusted-out barrels that were found on the eastern edge of the U.S. Army Reserve training center adjacent to the River Valley Local School District Property. <em>Courtesy of the Columbus Dispatch, May 31, 2017</em>
1219.</strong></figcaption></figure> 1220 1221 1222 1223<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The truth would not be revealed for another thirty years, when students at River Valley High Schoolâwhich had been built on the former MED siteâbegan to show unusually high rates of cancer, particularly leukemia. Apparently building the school in the 1960s had disturbed the soil, releasing those buried contaminants, but area residents would not become aware of this fact for nearly thirty years.</p> 1224 1225 1226 1227<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="702" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-1-1024x702.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1446" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-1-1024x702.png 1024w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-1-300x206.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-1-768x527.png 768w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-1-100x70.png 100w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-1-218x150.png 218w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-1-696x477.png 696w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-1-1068x732.png 1068w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-1-613x420.png 613w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-1.png 1400w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><strong>Site map of the areas of toxic contamination identified by the interviews with the Ohio EPA officials. <em>Courtesy of the authorâs interpretation</em>.</strong></figcaption></figure> 1228 1229 1230 1231<p class="wp-block-paragraph">As Van Keuren details, in 1997 the Ohio Department of Health began to investigate, finding area soils to contain polyaromatic hydrocarbons (a known carcinogen), arsenic, and lead, but declining to link these contaminants to the studentsâ illnesses. Worse still, in 1999, the US Army Corps of Engineers failed to reveal that they had found cancer-causing chemicals on the schoolâs athletic fields, and even when old barrels leaking hazardous waste were found near the schoolâs property line, government officials refused to assign responsibilityâto anyone, much less to themselves.</p> 1232 1233 1234 1235<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Troublingly, as Van Keuren notes, the investigation was flawed in numerous ways. MED workers had long known of the loose handling of toxic materials and testified to the sameâone former workerâs son, Ralph Hill, Jr., recalled a group of mysterious men âin what he described as moon suits coming into the family home with Geiger counters to remove furniture his father had touched, in addition to taking his fatherâs clothesâall without explanation.â But no accountability for the disaster was ever established, and as his book reveals, expert findings from key witnesses was either disregardedâas in the case of environmental toxicologist Dr. Bruce Molholtâor even allegedly doctored, in the case of consultant Jed Ball.</p> 1236 1237 1238 1239<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="857" height="1024" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-2-857x1024.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1447" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-2-857x1024.png 857w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-2-251x300.png 251w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-2-768x917.png 768w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-2-1286x1536.png 1286w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-2-696x831.png 696w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-2-1068x1276.png 1068w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-2-352x420.png 352w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-2.png 1440w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 857px) 100vw, 857px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><strong>Practice locating the gamma capsules via a Geiger counter. <em>Courtesy of the NARA Photo: No. 111-SC-427254, July 25, 1953</em>.</strong></figcaption></figure> 1240 1241 1242 1243<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The Ohio state legislature did approve a bill to pay for the remediation of school grounds, eventually spending $35 million over a fourteen-year period (1998-2012). And in 2003, the entire school was relocated to a new site. But the damage was done. With no legal chain of accountability ever established, justice has remained elusive for the River Valley High students who fell illâand, for those who passed away, their surviving families.</p> 1244 1245 1246 1247<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="509" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-3-1024x509.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1449" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-3-1024x509.png 1024w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-3-300x149.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-3-768x382.png 768w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-3-1536x764.png 1536w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-3-2048x1019.png 2048w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-3-324x160.png 324w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-3-696x346.png 696w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-3-1068x531.png 1068w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/image-3-844x420.png 844w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure> 1248 1249 1250 1251<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Whether the known flaws amount to a genuine cover-up may never be proved, but the evidence suggests that there is more to the story than has been revealed. Itâs a sad chapter in American history, but thanks to the work of dedicated researchers like Van Keuren, at least this chapter is now, for the first time, being told.</p> 1252 1253 1254 1255<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p> 1256 1257 1258 1259<div class="wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-top" style="grid-template-columns:19% auto"><figure class="wp-block-media-text__media"><img decoding="async" src="https://arcadiacmsprodblob.blob.core.windows.net/cmsstorage/arcadia/metafiles/f6/f6bcf6f0-e35f-471a-9061-fb00793a92b1.png" alt="The School Poisoning Tragedy in Caledonia, Ohio"/></figure><div class="wp-block-media-text__content"> 1260<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:20px">In the early 1960s, the River Valley Local School District built its middle school, its high school and its athletic fields in the former Marion Engineer Depot. During World War II, the depot had used the land for heavy equipment rehab, military artillery practice, materials storage, burial of construction debris and burning of waste materials and fuels. In 1997, a River Valley High School nurse grew concerned about the high rate of leukemia and other cancers in graduates. Then a stunning news report announcing a 122 percent increase in death rates over thirty years in the Marion area sparked an investigation. Was the land to blame? The question of what may have been known about the contaminates on the school grounds sent shock waves through the community that still linger today.</p> 1261 1262 1263 1264<div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> 1265<div class="wp-block-button"><a class="wp-block-button__link wp-element-button" href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467146326?utm_source=arcadiad2c&utm_medium=crimecapsule&utm_term=poison&utm_content=poison&
1265utm_campaign=poison" style="border-radius:22px">Buy Now</a></div> 1266</div> 1267</div></div> 1268 1269 1270 1271<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><em>Looking for more to read during quarantine? <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/quarantine-read/?utm_source=ArcadiaD2C&utm_medium=facebook&utm_campaign=Quarantine_Reads">Check out our quaran-reads here</a>. Finding us for the first time, and want to learn more about what we do? <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/new-to-crime-capsule-start-here/">Visit our welcome page and sign up for the Crime Capsule email newsletter</a>. See you behind bars!</em></p> 1272 </div> 1273 </div> 1274 1275 </div> 1276 <div class="td_module_15 td_module_wrap clearfix post-1436 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-featured category-interviews category-law-enforcement category-unsolved-crimes tag-cold-case tag-indiana tag-law-enforcement tag-muncie tag-murder tag-newspapers tag-unsolved" > 1277 <div class="item-details"> 1278 <h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"> 1279 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/seven-questions-for-keith-roysdon-author-of-the-westside-park-murders/" rel="bookmark" title="Seven Questions for Keith Roysdon, author of The Westside Park Murders"> 1280 Seven Questions for Keith Roysdon, author of The Westside Park Murders </a> 1281 </h3> 1282 1283 <div class="td-module-meta-info"> 1284 <ul class="td-category"> 1285 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/featured/">Featured</a></li> 1286 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/interviews/">Interviews</a></li> 1287 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/law-enforcement/">Law Enforcement</a></li> 1288 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/unsolved-crimes/">Unsolved Crimes</a></li> 1289 </ul> 1290 1291 <div class="td-post-author-name"> 1292 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/author/crimecapsule/">crimecapsule</a> 1293 <div class="td-author-line"> - </div> 1294 </div> 1295 1296 <span class="td-post-date"> 1297 <time class="entry-date updated td-module-date" datetime="2021-03-02T19:54:10+00:00" >March 2, 2021</time> 1298 </span> 1299 1300 <div class="td-post-comments"> 1301 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/seven-questions-for-keith-roysdon-author-of-the-westside-park-murders/#respond"> 1302 <i class="td-icon-comments"></i> 1303 0 </a> 1304 </div> 1305 </div> 1306 1307 <div class="td-module-thumb"> 1308 1309 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/seven-questions-for-keith-roysdon-author-of-the-westside-park-murders/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap" title="Seven Questions for Keith Roysdon, author of The Westside Park Murders"> 1310 <img class="entry-thumb" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/91flDUJPRL-768x1154.jpg" alt="Seven Questions for Keith Roysdon, author of The Westside Park Murders" title="Seven Questions for Keith Roysdon, author of The Westside Park Murders" /> 1311 </a> 1312 </div> 1313 1314 <div class="td-post-text-content td-post-content tagdiv-type"> 1315 1316<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Many authors write about noteworthy crimes from a distance, but not Keith Roysdon. A longtime journalist in Muncie, Indiana, Roysdon and his colleague Douglas Walker have covered one of Muncieâs most infamous murders firsthand for nearly twenty-five yearsâa story that forms the basis of their new book,<a href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467144889?utm_source=arcadiad2c&utm_medium=crime_capsule&utm_term=westsidepark&utm_content=westsidepark"> <em>The Westside Park Murders: Muncieâs Most Notorious Cold Case</em>,</a> just now out from The History Press. Crime Capsule is thrilled to have Roysdon join us for our next installment of our Seven Questions interview series. Welcome, Keith!</p> 1317 1318 1319 1320<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Crime Capsule: Congratulations on your new book. Can you tell us how you and your co-author, Douglas Walker, came to write <em>The Westside Park Murders?</em></strong></p> 1321 1322 1323 1324<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Keith Roysdon: Weâre both longtime newspaper reporters in Muncie, IndianaâIâve since retired but Walker works onâand we were familiar with the tragic case. We first wrote about the murders in 1997 and returned to the case for additional articles several times, including on the 25th anniversary in 2010. After our second book for History Press, <em>Muncie Murder & Mayhem</em>, was published in 2018, we decided to approach the press with a book about the Westside Park case.</p> 1325 1326 1327 1328<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>The two of you have a longtime interest in cold cases and unsolved crimes, having reported on dozens of them for news outlets over the years. Where did that interest begin, and why?</strong></p> 1329 1330 1331 1332<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Walker has almost always covered crime and courts for Muncie newsp
1332apers and I covered government for most of my career, and we collaborated on hundreds of stories and columns. We always worked well together and had many of the same contacts, including former investigators and others who remembered unsolved murders and would mention them to us. We were both interested in bringing back into the spotlight the victims of unsolved murders and their families. We wrote about 34 stories in our âCold Case Muncieâ series over several years.</p> 1333 1334 1335 1336<figure class="wp-block-image"><img decoding="async" alt="Keith Roysdon (@keithroysdon) | Twitter" consent-original-src-_="https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1080893454417358848/0TzgRLGx_400x400.jpg" consent-required="1524" consent-by="services" consent-id="1525" /><figcaption>Author Keith Roydson</figcaption></figure> 1337 1338 1339 1340<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Ethan Dixon and Kimberly Dowell were murdered in 1985. In 2010, on the 25<sup>th</sup> anniversary of the crime, you and Walker wrote an article that sparked new interest in the caseâcan you describe what that moment was like, as the story reawakened?</strong></p> 1341 1342 1343 1344<p class="wp-block-paragraph">We didnât know, at least at first, all the repercussions of that 2010 article. It resonated with readers, some of whom contacted us to suggest avenues to explore. What we didnât know at first was that members of the public, and sometimes police officers and others, were also contacting the police investigators on the case, offering tips and theories.</p> 1345 1346 1347 1348<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/cold-case-frozen-the-grimes-sisters-of-chicago/">Some cold cases arenât just cold but frozen, laying on ice for decades</a>. After twenty-five years, what were the main challenges of re-investigating these killings? Were there any new opportunities or leads that emerged?</strong></p> 1349 1350 1351 1352<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Sometimes itâs a challenge to write about very cold cases because surviving friends and family members are gone, police investigators are gone and files donât even exist for modern-day police officers to consult. Since Westside Park was an open case, it wouldnât have been proper for police to just let us look through files. Since we knew some of the players were still alive, however, we could talk to them about their recollections, and current investigators were willing to help us get an idea of where the investigation had gone in recent years. The availability of court records was also a huge help.</p> 1353 1354 1355 1356<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>One of the most fascinating aspects of your book is your attempt in 2019 to interview a key suspect, Jimmy Swingley, who is currently incarcerated for other crimes. Swingley rebuffed your effortsâbut how do you go about making such an inquiry in the first place? As journalists, how do you prepare for such an encounter, differently than law enforcement might?</strong></p> 1357 1358 1359 1360<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Jimmy Swingley is serving a 65-year prison sentence for a conviction stemming from an unrelated murder in 1996, several years after the events in Westside Park. We knew that in 2018, Muncie police had obtained a court-ordered warrant to get a DNA sample from Swingley, hoping to connect him to the park murders. That encouraged us to contact Swingley in prison to ask for his comments.</p> 1361 1362 1363 1364<p class="wp-block-paragraph">We asked the Indiana Department of Correction how to go about asking him questions and did so through a letter and a self-addressed, stamped envelope for him to respond if he wanted to. We knew it was best to be brief in our questions if we wanted to elicit a response from him, so we asked very directly if he committed the crime, why he had told people that he had and what was his opinion of being the primary person of interest of Muncie police. He did not respond in the months before the book was completed in 2020, and still has not.</p> 1365 1366 1367 1368<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>In one of the chapters in the book, you and Walker write with great insight about the effects that different forms of media can have on unsolved and ongoing criminal investigations. In the months youâve been preparing <em>Westside Park Murders </em>for publication, have there been any additional developments in the case?</strong></p> 1369 1370 1371 1372<p class="wp-block-paragraph">We included the email address of the most recent police investigator on the case in the book, hoping that it might elicit some contact from the public. The investigatorânow the Muncie police chief Nathan Sloanâhad told us he hoped the book might prompt some progress in the case. We havenât heard, in the week since the book came out (as I write this) of new developments.</p> 1373 1374 1375 1376<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Last but not least, can you tell us about your next project? What are you working on now?</strong></p> 1377 1378 1379 1380<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Walker is still covering crime and courts in Muncie for <em>The Star Press</em>, which occupies a lot of his time. Since I took a company buyout and retired in January 2019, besides finishing the Westside Park book, Iâve been working on fiction books and freelance writing. We are frequently asked about the possibility of another book, and thereâs plenty of material, but it remains to be seen if that will happen.</p> 1381 1382 1383 1384<hr class="wp-block-separator"/> 1385 1386 1387 1388<div class="wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile" style="grid-template-columns:29% auto"><figure class="wp-block-media-text__media"><img decoding="async" src="https://arcadiacmsprodblob.blob.core.windows.net/cmsstorage/arcadia/metafiles/a8/a810d4d3-4f71-4fc6-a086-8b006c293edd.png" alt="The Westside Park Murders: Muncieâs Most Notorious Cold Case"/></figure><div class="wp-block-media-text__content"> 1389<p class="has-regular-font-size wp-block-paragraph">
1389On a warm night in September 1985, teenagers Kimberly Dowell and Ethan Dixon were brutally murdered in Westside Park in Muncie, Indiana. Their killer has never been charged. Early on, police focused on a family member of one of the teens as a primary suspect. The investigation even ruled out fantastic scenarios, including a theory that the perpetrator was a Dungeons & Dragons devotee. The case grew cold. Only decades later did a dogged police investigator narrow the scope to a suspect whose name has never been publicly revealed until now. Keith Roysdon and Douglas Walker, authors of Wicked Muncie and Muncie Murder & Mayhem, have followed the investigation into the Westside Park murders for decades and, for the first time, report the complete and untold story.</p> 1390 1391 1392 1393<div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> 1394<div class="wp-block-button"><a class="wp-block-button__link" href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467144889?utm_source=arcadiad2c&utm_medium=crime_capsule&utm_term=westsidepark&utm_content=westsidepark">Buy the Book</a></div> 1395</div> 1396</div></div> 1397 </div> 1398 </div> 1399 1400 </div> 1401 <div class="td_module_15 td_module_wrap clearfix post-1470 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-general-crime" > 1402 <div class="item-details"> 1403 <h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"> 1404 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/introducing-the-crime-capsule-podcast/" rel="bookmark" title="Introducing the Crime Capsule Podcast"> 1405 Introducing the Crime Capsule Podcast </a> 1406 </h3> 1407 1408 <div class="td-module-meta-info"> 1409 <ul class="td-category"> 1410 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/general-crime/">General Crime</a></li> 1411 </ul> 1412 1413 <div class="td-post-author-name"> 1414 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/author/crimecapsule/">crimecapsule</a> 1415 <div class="td-author-line"> - </div> 1416 </div> 1417 1418 <span class="td-post-date"> 1419 <time class="entry-date updated td-module-date" datetime="2021-02-22T21:13:16+00:00" >February 22, 2021</time> 1420 </span> 1421 1422 <div class="td-post-comments"> 1423 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/introducing-the-crime-capsule-podcast/#respond"> 1424 <i class="td-icon-comments"></i> 1425 0 </a> 1426 </div> 1427 </div> 1428 1429 <div class="td-module-thumb"> 1430 1431 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/introducing-the-crime-capsule-podcast/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap" title="Introducing the Crime Capsule Podcast"> 1432 <img class="entry-thumb" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/preview-lightbox-C-Facebook_Share-768x404.jpeg" alt="Introducing the Crime Capsule Podcast" title="Introducing the Crime Capsule Podcast" /> 1433 </a> 1434 </div> 1435 1436 <div class="td-post-text-content td-post-content tagdiv-type"> 1437 1438<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Over the past year, we’ve been hard at work on a new part of the Crime Capsule network: the <a href="https://evergreenpodcasts.com/crime-capsule">Crime Capsule Podcast</a>, in partnership with Evergreen Productions. </p> 1439 1440 1441 1442<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Crime Capsule Pod: History So Interesting, It’s Criminal</h2> 1443 1444 1445 1446<p class="wp-block-paragraph">From DNA testing to the Dixie Mafia, we bring you new stories of true crime in American history. Join writer & host Benjamin Morris for exclusive interviews with authors from Arcadia Publishing, writing the hottest books on the most chilling stories of our countryâs past. </p> 1447 1448 1449 1450<p class="wp-block-paragraph">
1450Our first three-part series focuses on the case of <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/what-happens-when-the-dead-begin-to-speak/">Tina Faelz</a> and the insights of author <a href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467117654">Joshua Suchon</a>, a story which seasoned Crime Capsule readers will know. In our second series we are turning to<a href="https://crimecapsule.com/cold-case-cracked-lieutenant-rita-shulers-40-year-quest-for-justice/"> The Lowcountry Murder of Gwendolyn Elaine Fogle</a> with law enforcement official Rita Schuler, author of a <a href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467147002">book</a> by the same name. </p> 1451 1452 1453 1454<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Series 1: <em>Murder in Pleasanton</em>: Interview with Joshua Suchon</h3> 1455 1456 1457 1458<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In 1984 the town of Pleasanton, CA was rocked to its core when a 14-year-old freshman was found brutally murdered in a drainage ditch. The victim had been stabbed 44 times with no witnesses and little evidence left behind. The case eventually ran cold.</p> 1459 1460 1461 1462<p class="wp-block-paragraph">That freshman was Tina Faelz and this is her story.</p> 1463 1464 1465 1466<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In this three-part series, we are talking to Joshua Suchon, author of the book Murder in Pleasanton: Tina Faelz and the Search for Justice, about the murder, the case, and the search for justice.</p> 1467 1468 1469 1470<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Listen to episode 1 below, and follow each episode <a href="https://evergreenpodcasts.com/crime-capsule">here</a>.</p> 1471 1472 1473 1474<iframe loading="lazy" frameborder="0" height="182" scrolling="no" src="https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=FPMN6891865036" width="100%"></iframe> 1475 1476 1477 1478<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Series 2: Lowcountry Murder: An Interview with Rita Schuler </h3> 1479 1480 1481 1482<p class="wp-block-paragraph">For decades, evidence of the 1978 murder of Gwendolyn Elaine Fogle lay in the evidence room at the Walterboro Police Department. Investigators periodically revisited the case over the years, but it remained the departmentâs top cold case for thirty-seven years. Special Agent Lieutenant Rita Shuler worked on the case shortly after she joined the South Carolina Law Enforcement Division (SLED), and she couldnât let it go, not even after her retirement in 2001.</p> 1483 1484 1485 1486<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In May 2015, Lieutenant Shuler teamed up with new investigator Corporal Gean Johnson, and together they uncovered key evidence that had been overlooked. With new advancements in DNA and fingerprint technology, they brought the case to its end in just four months. Join Shuler as she details the gruesome history of this finally solved case.</p> 1487 1488 1489 1490<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In this two-part series host Ben Morris interviews Rita Schuler, author of <a href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467147002"><em>The Lowcountry Murder of Gwendolyn Elaine Fogle: A Cold Case Solved</em></a></p> 1491 1492 1493 1494<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Listen to episode 1 below, and follow each episode <a href="https://evergreenpodcasts.com/crime-capsule">here</a>.</p> 1495 1496 1497 1498<iframe loading="lazy" frameborder="0" height="182" scrolling="no" src="https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=FPMN9383157040" width="100%"></iframe> 1499 1500 1501 1502<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p> 1503 </div> 1504 </div> 1505 1506 </div> 1507 <div class="td_module_15 td_module_wrap clearfix post-1426 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-featured category-general-crime category-interviews tag-interview tag-law-enforcement tag-murder tag-north-carolina tag-poison" > 1508 <div class="item-details"> 1509 <h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"> 1510 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/meet-cathy-pickens-author-of-true-crime-stories-of-eastern-north-carolina/" rel="bookmark" title="Meet Cathy Pickens, author of True Crime Stories of Eastern North Carolina"> 1511 Meet Cathy Pickens, author of True Crime Stories of Eastern North Carolina </a> 1512 </h3> 1513 1514 <div class="td-module-meta-info"> 1515 <ul class="td-category"> 1516 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/featured/">Featured</a></li> 1517 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/general-crime/">General Crime</a></li> 1518 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/interviews/">Interviews</a></li> 1519 </ul> 1520 1521 <div class="td-post-author-name"> 1522 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/author/crimecapsule/">crimecapsule</a> 1523 <div class="td-author-line"> - </div> 1524 </div> 1525
1526 <span class="td-post-date"> 1527 <time class="entry-date updated td-module-date" datetime="2021-02-15T17:44:29+00:00" >February 15, 2021</time> 1528 </span> 1529 1530 <div class="td-post-comments"> 1531 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/meet-cathy-pickens-author-of-true-crime-stories-of-eastern-north-carolina/#respond"> 1532 <i class="td-icon-comments"></i> 1533 0 </a> 1534 </div> 1535 </div> 1536 1537 <div class="td-module-thumb"> 1538 1539 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/meet-cathy-pickens-author-of-true-crime-stories-of-eastern-north-carolina/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap" title="Meet Cathy Pickens, author of True Crime Stories of Eastern North Carolina"> 1540 <img class="entry-thumb" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/True-Crime-Stories-of-Eastern-North-Carolina-768x432.png" alt="Meet Cathy Pickens, author of True Crime Stories of Eastern North Carolina" title="Meet Cathy Pickens, author of True Crime Stories of Eastern North Carolina" /> 1541 </a> 1542 </div> 1543 1544 <div class="td-post-text-content td-post-content tagdiv-type"> 1545 1546<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Continuing our occasional series of author interviews, this month weâre delighted to welcome Cathy Pickens to Crime Capsule. A true Renaissance ladyâamong other hats, Pickens is a law professor, historian, teacher, and mystery novelistâshe is also the author of the brand new volume <em><a href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467145114">True Crime Stories of Eastern North Carolina</a></em>, published last year by Arcadia Publishing/The History Press. You can read more about her work at her website, <a href="http://www.cathypickens.com/">http://www.cathypickens.com</a>.</p> 1547 1548 1549 1550<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Crime Capsule: Congratulations on your new book! Can you tell us how <em>True Crime Stories of Eastern North Carolina </em>came to be?</strong></p> 1551 1552 1553 1554<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Cathy Pickens: The short answer is I went to jail. In research for writing mystery fiction, I became fascinated with real crime storiesâfirst, looking for details, methods, plot devices, how a poison works, how an interrogation unfolds. Then one day, no matter how Iâd tried to say no, I ended up teaching workshopsâfirst, on how to start a business, and later, on creative writingâin the massive Mecklenburg County Jail.</p> 1555 1556 1557 1558<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In jail, those news articles became living, breathing human beings who, frankly, werenât so different from the folks whoâd been students in my MBA classesâfunny, creative, hungry to improve themselves. Instead of a mental puzzle to play with, crime began to have a human dimension. After I wrote about Charlotte and how crime defines that city, Eastern North Carolina was the logical next stop in capturing North Carolinaâs unique crime stories.</p> 1559 1560 1561 1562<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Youâve written for Arcadia/The History Press before, publishing <em>Charlotte True Crime Stories </em>and <em>Charleston Mysteries: Ghostly Haunts in the Holy City</em>. What did you learn working on your previous books that you could apply to this one?</strong></p> 1563 1564 1565 1566<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><em>Charleston Mysteries</em> started as a larkâa walking tour pamphlet I wrote when I set one of my murder mysteries in Charleston. I even had goofy blurbs on the back cover, like âThis one is written by my sister-in-lawâand sheâs pretty scary.â The History Press invited me to expand that into a book, which includes crime as well as ghosts.</p> 1567 1568 1569 1570<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Nothing beats visiting the âscene of the crime.â For <em>Charleston Mysteries</em>,my nephew, his college roommate, and I dodged rain bands from a tropical storm to take photos. For the new book, my husband and I spent a couple of weeks in a record heat wave touring eastern North Carolina. Scrolling through the photos, he laughed. âNot your usual vacation photos, are they?â Iâm passionate about not just getting the facts but getting to the story. For me, these true cases require the same techniques, the same eye for what makes a good story. The nicest thing is when someone says they read like good fiction.</p> 1571 1572 1573 1574<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>You tell a variety of tales in <em>True Crime Stories of Eastern North Carolina</em>âfrom deadly âblack widowâ homemakers to local swamp outlaws to murderous sex-driven swingers. With so many incredible criminals to choose from, how did you pick your subjects?</strong></p> 1575 1576 1577 1578<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Oh my, how to choose? Every locale has cases that everyone knows. I was hesitant at first to write about the most famousâbut even though people know the headlines, they donât always know the details.</p> 1579 1580 1581 1582<p class="wp-block-paragraph">What of the stories we simply shouldnât forget? I donât like to read about depravity and evil. I am, though, fascinated by people who feel compelled by difficult circumstances to cross a line, like the swamp outlaws that befuddled law enforcement in Robeson County in the 1860s. Or missing persons, like the state senatorâs son who disappeared in Currituck County. Or the cases we havenât been able to solve.</p> 1583 1584 1585 1586<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Nor can I resist writing about poisoners. From what Iâve found, North Carolina has more convicted female serial poisoners than any other state, and Eastern North Carolina had some doozies. Do you reckon weâre just better at catching them here, or â¦?</p> 1587 1588 1589 1590<figure class="wp-block-image size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/cathy_headshot.jpg" alt="Headshot of Cathy Pickens, author of True Crime Stories of Eastern North Carolina." class="wp-image-1432" width="412" height="403"/><figcaption>
1590Cathy Pickens, author of True Crime Stories of Eastern North Carolina. <a href="http://www.cathypickens.com/about.php" target="_blank" aria-label="undefined (opens in a new tab)" rel="noreferrer noopener">Source.</a></figcaption></figure> 1591 1592 1593 1594<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>What kind of material did you use to tell your story? What were your main sources?</strong></p> 1595 1596 1597 1598<p class="wp-block-paragraph">My dark secret is I have shelves crowded with books and file cabinets stuffed with newspaper clippings about crimes, all collected over decades. No detox program for that, I fear. To those resources, Iâve added the expertise of amazing librarians, along with websites, online research, blogs, podcasts, and Facebook sites. My research process is much more sophisticated now, thanks to crazy changes in research technology, so my insatiable love of digging now has more rabbit holes than it did twenty years agoâwhich just makes it more fun.</p> 1599 1600 1601 1602<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Youâve written about the Carolinas in your previous books. Has any aspect of the true crime stories youâve written about hit home for you? Do you have any personal connections to what youâve researched?</strong></p> 1603 1604 1605 1606<p class="wp-block-paragraph">I met my first murderer when I was three. I havenât written about him, but once you start pulling the strings, itâs amazing the connections that come unearthed. At book events, Iâve met people who grew up down the road from the Outlaws motorcycle clubhouse, or who left the gym when alone there with a man suspected of killing his wife, or who dated a woman who went missing.</p> 1607 1608 1609 1610<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In the Charlotte book, I wrote about a woman killed in her home. I now live a mile down the road. In the book Iâm working on now, I found out my father went to high school with a girl who married a man suspected of being a Cold War spy. Crime is closer than we think.</p> 1611 1612 1613 1614<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Alongside your work as a historian youâve had a longtime career in the legal world, both in the private sector and in academia. Your meticulous, fact-hungry approach to storytelling certainly informs your writingâbut how else has your immersion in the law equipped you to tell these stories?</strong></p> 1615 1616 1617 1618<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Fact-hungry. Thatâs a good description. Or maybe itâs âstory hungry.â The one thing that unifies the pieces of my lifeâlawyer, professor, creativity coach, writerâis story. Iâm one of many writers who went to law school. In some ways, I have to overcome being a lawyer in order to be a better writer. Lawyers love footnotes. Ten footnotes for a single sentence? About right, weâd say.</p> 1619 1620 1621 1622<p class="wp-block-paragraph">But it helps to have some sense of the history of forensics in courtrooms, of the limitations of expert witnessesâas in one <em>Eastern North Carolina</em> case with a shoe expert whose unsupported testimony helped convict several men around the countryâor of how the appeals process unfolds. A comfort with appellate court opinions and scientific details also helps. But my affection for those has to be tamped down to make sure the story is readable. Readers donât want a legal or scientific treatise. Readers want to meet real people who make them think and feel, who leave them understanding a bit more about others. Readers want a behind-the-scenes peek at an often-closed world.</p> 1623 1624 1625 1626<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Last but not least, can you tell us about your next project? What are you working on now?</strong></p> 1627 1628 1629 1630<p class="wp-block-paragraph">I want to cover the rest of the Carolinasâ crime stories, and the next logical stop is the Triangle area of Raleigh/Durham/Chapel Hill. That book, <em>Triangle True Crime Stories</em>, will be coming out in May. A bombing inside an office building? The largest prison break in American history, yet no one was injured? Another female poisoner? A loverâs lane murder? Dedicated cops pushing to solve decades-old murders? Who could resist?</p> 1631 1632 1633 1634<div class="wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile" style="grid-template-columns:31% auto"><figure class="wp-block-media-text__media"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="452" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/31da2287-9f78-4a31-9cab-2ffda3065739.png" alt="True Crime Stories of Eastern North Carolina book cover" class="wp-image-1434" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/31da2287-9f78-4a31-9cab-2ffda3065739.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/31da2287-9f78-4a31-9cab-2ffda3065739-199x300.png 199w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/31da2287-9f78-4a31-9cab-2ffda3065739-279x420.png 279w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 300px) 100v
1634w, 300px" /></figure><div class="wp-block-media-text__content"> 1635<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Eastern North Carolina is a land of contrasts, and its crime stories bear this out. A lovelorn war hero or a stalker? Conniving wife or consummate homemaker? Murder or suicide? The answers can be as puzzling as the questions. Mystery author Cathy Pickens details an assortment of quirky cases, including a duo of poisoning cases more than one hundred years apart, a band of folk hero swamp outlaws, sex swingers and a couple of mummies. Each story has, in its way, helped define Eastern North Carolina and its history.</p> 1636 1637 1638 1639<div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> 1640<div class="wp-block-button"><a class="wp-block-button__link" href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467145114?utm_source=arcadiad2c&utm_medium=blog&utm_term=crimecapsule&utm_content=crimecapsule&utm_campaign=crimecapsule" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Buy Now</a></div> 1641</div> 1642 1643 1644 1645<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p> 1646</div></div> 1647 </div> 1648 </div> 1649 1650 </div> 1651 <div class="td_module_15 td_module_wrap clearfix post-1420 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-featured category-law-enforcement tag-antebellum tag-detroit tag-slavery tag-underground-railroad" > 1652 <div class="item-details"> 1653 <h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"> 1654 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/william-lambert-courageous-conductor-of-detroits-underground-railroad/" rel="bookmark" title="William Lambert & the Secret Society that Powered Detroit’s Underground Railroad"> 1655 William Lambert & the Secret Society that Powered Detroit’s Underground Railroad </a> 1656 </h3> 1657 1658 <div class="td-module-meta-info"> 1659 <ul class="td-category"> 1660 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/featured/">Featured</a></li> 1661 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/law-enforcement/">Law Enforcement</a></li> 1662 </ul> 1663 1664 <div class="td-post-author-name"> 1665 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/author/crimecapsule/">crimecapsule</a> 1666 <div class="td-author-line"> - </div> 1667 </div> 1668 1669 <span class="td-post-date"> 1670 <time class="entry-date updated td-module-date" datetime="2021-02-03T16:41:58+00:00" >February 3, 2021</time> 1671 </span> 1672 1673 <div class="td-post-comments"> 1674 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/william-lambert-courageous-conductor-of-detroits-underground-railroad/#respond"> 1675 <i class="td-icon-comments"></i> 1676 0 </a> 1677 </div> 1678 </div> 1679 1680 <div class="td-module-thumb"> 1681 1682 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/william-lambert-courageous-conductor-of-detroits-underground-railroad/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap" title="William Lambert & the Secret Society that Powered Detroit’s Underground Railroad"> 1683 <img class="entry-thumb" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/header-blog-768x358.jpg" alt="William Lambert & the Secret Society that Powered Detroit’s Underground Railroad" title="William Lambert & the Secret Society that Powered Detroit’s Underground Railroad" /> 1684 </a> 1685 </div> 1686 1687 <div class="td-post-text-content td-post-content tagdiv-type"> 1688 1689<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Every American knows Harriet Tubman. Immortalized in history, in <a href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4648786/">film</a>, and potentially even on the $20 bill, the story of her role in founding the Underground Railroad is part of the American story, and rightly so.</p> 1690 1691 1692 1693<p class="wp-block-paragraph">But Tubman wasnât alone. The phrase âUnderground Railroadâ is a slight misnomer, because there was never just one railroad through which slaves escaped the antebellum South. Rather, there were many railroads: many routes, many sympathetic abolitionists, many safehouses, and many âconductorsâ along the way. One of the most daring of these conductors was William Lambert, a free African-American man from Detroit, whose story historian Bill Loomis tells in his book <em><a href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467146524">Secret Societies in Detroit</a></em>.</p> 1694 1695 1696 1697<h2 class="wp-block-heading">William Lambert: Courageous Conductor of Detroitâs Underground Railroad</h2> 1698 1699 1700 1701<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Born in New Jersey in 1817, as a young man Lambert traveled with his Quaker schoolmaster around the northeast, learning about abolitionism and establishing himself both in business and in the church. Finally settling in Detroit, he became a member of the historic Second Baptist Church, and later, St. Matthewâs Protestant Episcopal Mission, whose gospel teachings informed his desire to secure freedom for the enslaved.</p> 1702 1703 1704 1705<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="592" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/image-1024x592.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1422" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/image-1024x592.png 1024w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/image-300x174.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/image-768x444.png 768w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/image-1536x888.png 1536w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/image-2048x1185.png 2048w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/image-696x403.png 696w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/image-1068x618.png 1068w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/image-726x420.png 726w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure> 1706 1707 1708 1709<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Though Cincinnati may be home to the <a href="https://freedomcenter.org/">National Underground Railroad Freedom Center</a>, according to Loomis, Detroit was the busiest ârailroadâ station before the Civil War, seeing as many as 40,000 African-Americans pass through to safety in nearby Canada. As a result, numerous secret societies arose there in the 1840s, as the abolitionist movement gained steam. With the passage of the Fugitive Slave Act in 1850, Lambert founded the African American Mysteries, also known as the Order of the Men of Oppression, to strengthen his segment of the route.</p> 1710 1711 1712 1713<h3 class="wp-block-heading">The Order of the Men of Oppression</h3> 1714 1715 1716 1717<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The Order, modeled partly on other groups such as the Masons (of which Lambert was one), devoted itself to assisting escaped slaves. Using wagons with fal
1717se bottoms, the Order traveled into the South through backroads and safehouses to find fugitives and bring them back to free land. Like the Masons, too, the Order had its own ritualsâone of which, remarkably, involving the âenslavementâ of a new member. As Lambert recalled years later:</p> 1718 1719 1720 1721<p class="wp-block-paragraph">â[The conscript] was clad in rough and ragged garments, his head was bowed. His eyes blindfolded and an iron chain put about his neck. When his examination was over his eyes were unbound and he was admitted to the fellowship of the degree of captive. When he passed to that of the redeemed the chain and fetters were stricken off, although before that, when his eyes were unbound and he was a captive, he found about him all the members of the lodge present, each of them with a whip in his hand. In this way the organization maintained its typical character.â</p> 1722 1723 1724 1725<p class="wp-block-paragraph">When escaped slaves arrived in Detroit, the Order would feed them and clothe them and house them in one of their membersâ homes, all under cover of night. As skilled in the clandestine arts as they were, Lambert further recalled that âWe never lost a man by capture at this point, so careful were we, and we took over as high as 1,600 in one year.â</p> 1726 1727 1728 1729<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="792" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/image-1-1024x792.png" alt="Poster for the Detroit Underground Railroad." class="wp-image-1423" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/image-1-1024x792.png 1024w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/image-1-300x232.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/image-1-768x594.png 768w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/image-1-1536x1188.png 1536w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/image-1-2048x1584.png 2048w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/image-1-696x538.png 696w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/image-1-1068x826.png 1068w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/image-1-543x420.png 543w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption><br>Poster for the Detroit Underground Railroad, 1856. <em>Silas Farmer, Public domain</em>.</figcaption></figure> 1730 1731 1732 1733<h3 class="wp-block-heading">A Legacy of Justice</h3> 1734 1735 1736 1737<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Though precise figures will never be known, <a href="https://www.wkar.org/post/detroit-abolitionist-william-lambert#stream/0">some historians estimate that the Order aided as many as 50,000 fugitives</a> seeking safety and freedom in the Northâa truly extraordinary legacy, especially given the very real threat of danger and death that followed every man and woman along the route. Longtime readers of Crime Capsule know <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/law-enforcement/">we love to celebrate those courageous men and women who have fought for justice</a> at different times and in different ways in American history, and weâre proud to honor Lambert here.</p> 1738 1739 1740 1741<p class="wp-block-paragraph">For more on Lambert, including his connections to famed abolitionist John Brown, <em>Secret Societies in Detroit </em>has the whole storyâjust donât forget, when picking up your copy, your secret handshake!</p> 1742 1743 1744 1745<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p> 1746 1747 1748 1749<div class="wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile" style="grid-template-columns:29% auto"><figure class="wp-block-media-text__media"><a href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467146524?utm_source=crimecapsule&utm_medium=post&utm_content=secretsocieties"><img decoding="async" src="https://arcadiacmsprodblob.blob.core.windows.net/cmsstorage/arcadia/metafiles/67/67752e86-39d5-4d22-b122-b55d35e7e526.png" alt="Secret Societies in Detroit"/></a></figure><div class="wp-block-media-text__content"> 1750<h1 class="wp-block-heading">Secret Societies in Detroit</h1> 1751 1752 1753 1754<p class="wp-block-paragraph">By Bill Loomis</p> 1755 1756 1757 1758<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Secret societies have operated in Detroit for most of the cityâs history. Many started for fun and companionship. Others had more serious ends in mind. The African American Mysteries: The Order of the Men of Oppression helped enslaved people escape the South for freedom in Canada. During the Civil War, so-called black lantern societies like the Knights of the Golden Circle and the Union League waged a covert war in Detroit and across the northern Midwest. In the last century, it wasnât uncommon for a sober suburbanite to catch the train to Detroit and don yellow silk pantaloons, a purple fez and embroidered vest to drink âTarantula juice.â Join Bill Loomis in this fascinating look into the secret world of these groups.
1758</p> 1759 1760 1761 1762<div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> 1763<div class="wp-block-button"><a class="wp-block-button__link" href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467146524?utm_source=crimecapsule&utm_medium=post&utm_content=secretsocieties">Buy Now</a></div> 1764</div> 1765</div></div> 1766 1767 1768 1769<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><em>Looking for more to read during quarantine? <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/quarantine-read/?utm_source=ArcadiaD2C&utm_medium=facebook&utm_campaign=Quarantine_Reads">Check out our quaran-reads here</a>. Finding us for the first time, and want to learn more about what we do? <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/new-to-crime-capsule-start-here/">Visit our welcome page and sign up for the Crime Capsule email newsletter</a>. See you behind bars!</em></p> 1770 </div> 1771 </div> 1772 1773 </div> 1774 <div class="td_module_15 td_module_wrap clearfix post-1401 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-featured category-murder category-serial-killers tag-california tag-cold-case tag-dna tag-evidence tag-murder tag-serial-killers" > 1775 <div class="item-details"> 1776 <h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"> 1777 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/convicting-serial-killer-roy-melanson-the-shoddy-soddi-defense/" rel="bookmark" title="Convicting Serial Killer Roy Melanson: The Shoddy SODDI Defense"> 1778 Convicting Serial Killer Roy Melanson: The Shoddy SODDI Defense </a> 1779 </h3> 1780 1781 <div class="td-module-meta-info"> 1782 <ul class="td-category"> 1783 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/featured/">Featured</a></li> 1784 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/murder/">Murder</a></li> 1785 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/murder/serial-killers/">Serial Killers</a></li> 1786 </ul> 1787 1788 <div class="td-post-author-name"> 1789 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/author/crimecapsule/">crimecapsule</a> 1790 <div class="td-author-line"> - </div> 1791 </div> 1792 1793 <span class="td-post-date"> 1794 <time class="entry-date updated td-module-date" datetime="2021-01-18T06:08:00+00:00" >January 18, 2021</time> 1795 </span> 1796 1797 <div class="td-post-comments"> 1798 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/convicting-serial-killer-roy-melanson-the-shoddy-soddi-defense/#respond"> 1799 <i class="td-icon-comments"></i> 1800 0 </a> 1801 </div> 1802 </div> 1803 1804 <div class="td-module-thumb"> 1805 1806 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/convicting-serial-killer-roy-melanson-the-shoddy-soddi-defense/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap" title="Convicting Serial Killer Roy Melanson: The Shoddy SODDI Defense"> 1807 <img class="entry-thumb" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-768x609.png" alt="Convicting Serial Killer Roy Melanson: The Shoddy SODDI Defense" title="Convicting Serial Killer Roy Melanson: The Shoddy SODDI Defense" /> 1808 </a> 1809 </div> 1810 1811 <div class="td-post-text-content td-post-content tagdiv-type"> 1812 1813<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The 1974 murder of Anita Fagiani Andrews shook Napa. After thirty-seven years DNA evidence brought her killer, Roy Melanson to justice. </p> 1814 1815 1816 1817<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Most crime junkies know the Texas Defense, made famous by country singer (and murderer!) Ernest Tubbâthe claim in court that a murder suspect should be acquitted not because of any evidentiary or procedural matters, but because, quite literally, âthe other guy had it cominâ.â Itâs one of the great plays in the defense attorneyâs playbook, and is still used from time to time today.</p> 1818 1819 1820 1821<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Roy Melanson & The SODDI Defense</h2> 1822 1823 1824 1825<p class="wp-block-paragraph">That playbook, however, has many pages. And this week on Crime Capsule, weâre exploring another one of the all-time classics: have you ever heard of SODDI?</p> 1826 1827 1828 1829<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="604" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-1-1024x604.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1405" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-1-1024x604.png 1024w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-1-300x177.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-1-768x453.png 768w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-1-1536x905.png 1536w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-1-2048x1207.png 2048w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-1-696x410.png 696w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-1-1068x630.png 1068w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-1-713x420.png 713w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption>â<em>Napa Register</em> front page, July 11, 1974. <em>Napa County Newspaper Archive</em>.â</figcaption></figure> 1830 1831 1832 1833<p class="wp-block-paragraph">July 10, 1974, Napa, California. A small town just north of Bay Area where, fittingly for wine country, most of the crimes committed were bar fights or drunk driving. So for Muriel Fagiani to discover the body of her sister Anita Fagiani Andrews the next day, brutally murdered on the floor of the bar the two of them operated, the shock and horror was felt not just by the Fagiani family, but throughout the whole of Napa as well.</p> 1834 1835 1836 1837<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In his book <em><a href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467147415?utm_source=crime_capsule&utm_medium=post&utm_term=napamurder&utm_content=napamurder&utm_campaign=napamurder">The Napa Murder of Anita Fagiani Andrews: A Cold Case that Caught a Serial Killer</a></em>, historian and former judge Raymond A. Guadagni tells the story of the search for Andrewsâ killer, a thirty-seven
1837year saga that ended in the conviction of Roy Melanson, now known as a serial killer and habitual rapist. Itâs a story of early leads, of disappearing evidence (Andrewsâ car, mysteriously, was stolen and never found), of red herrings and discarded suspects, and of a case gone cold for decades.</p> 1838 1839 1840 1841<h2 class="wp-block-heading">The Evidence</h2> 1842 1843 1844 1845<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Itâs also the story of a single cigarette, which brings us to SODDI. Among the evidence found on scene was a cigarette butt left behind in the bar by the main person of interest in the case (witnesses had seen an unknown man there the day of Andrewsâ murder, drinking and smoking alone). Though it wasnât of much immediate use in 1974, investigators collected it nevertheless. For years, that cigarette remained untouched, until the early 2000s when Detective Don Winegar, who had recently taken on the case, sent it to the DOJ crime lab. Thanks to the advances in DNA testing in the meantimeâ<a href="https://crimecapsule.com/what-happens-when-the-dead-begin-to-speak/">which also helped to convict Tina Faelzâ killer</a>âthe cigarette came back a match.</p> 1846 1847 1848 1849<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="678" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-2-1024x678.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1406" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-2-1024x678.png 1024w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-2-300x199.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-2-768x508.png 768w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-2-1536x1017.png 1536w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-2-2048x1356.png 2048w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-2-696x461.png 696w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-2-1068x707.png 1068w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-2-634x420.png 634w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption><strong>Evidence photo of the cigarette butt and ashes found on the bar after the murder. <em>Courtesy of the Napa County District Attorneyâs Office</em>.â</strong></figcaption></figure> 1850 1851 1852 1853<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The match was for Melanson, who was already serving time in Colorado for the murder of hiker Michele Wallaceâa murder that took place barely two months after Andrewsâ. Based on this and other evidence (a bloody towel that also contained traces of his DNA), it wasnât long before the Napa County DA had Melanson on trial. With Melanson proven to have been in the bar that day, the defense was in a corner, and so out came SODDI. As Guadagni explains,</p> 1854 1855 1856 1857<p class="wp-block-paragraph">âThe core of the defense case [is] informally referred to in defense circles as the âSODDI defense,â or âSome Other Dude Did It.â That defense rests on the argument that the evidence is insufficient to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant committed the crime. The SODDI defense is employed in cases where the defense cannot deny that a crime has occurred, such as a homicide. In such a situation, the defense attempts to shift blame onto another unidentified person.â</p> 1858 1859 1860 1861<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Guadagni would knowânot only was he a judge before he was an author, he was <em>the </em>judge in Andrewsâ murder trial. In this case, Melansonâs attorney tried to argue that in between the time that witnesses saw Melanson in the bar, and the time that Andrewsâ sister found her, somebody else had shown up and done the deed. Logically, the notion could not be disproved: it wasnât much, but all the defense had to do was establish a reasonable doubt.</p> 1862 1863 1864 1865<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="753" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-3-1024x753.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1407" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-3-1024x753.png 1024w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-3-300x221.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-3-768x565.png 768w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-3-1536x1130.png 1536w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-3-2048x1506.png 2048w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-3-80x60.png 80w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-3-696x512.png 696w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-3-1068x786.png 1068w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-3-571x420.png 571w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption><strong>A 1975 mug shot of Roy Melanson from the Orange, Texas Sherriffâs Department. <em>Courtesy of the Napa County District Attorneyâs Office</em>.â</strong></figcaption></figure> 1866 1867 1868 1869<p class="wp-block-paragraph">But prosecutors werenât having any of it, honing in on the cigarette butt and the bloody towel. In DA Paul Geroâs closing argumentsârecorded verbatim thanks to trial transcriptsâhe had this to say to the jury: âIs that reasonable? Sure, itâs possible, but is it <em>reasonable</em>? I donât think so. It is not reasonable that thereâs another man like Mr. Melanson who likes to rape women, like
1869s to murder women and likes to steal cars, and he just happened to come into the same bar after Mr. Melanson leaves. That is completely unreasonable. It is <em>possible</em>, yes. But it is not <em>reasonable</em>.â</p> 1870 1871 1872 1873<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The jury agreed, and found Melanson guilty of murder in the first, thirty-seven years after Andrews was killed. The moral of the story? SODDI may work well in some cases, but for this particular serial killer, it turned out to be a pretty shoddy defense in the end.</p> 1874 1875 1876 1877<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><em>Looking for more to read during quarantine? <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/quarantine-read/?utm_source=ArcadiaD2C&utm_medium=facebook&utm_campaign=Quarantine_Reads">Check out our quaran-reads here</a>. Finding us for the first time, and want to learn more about what we do? <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/new-to-crime-capsule-start-here/">Visit our welcome page and sign up for the Crime Capsule email newsletter</a>. See you behind bars!</em></p> 1878 1879 1880 1881<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Want to learn more about Anita Fagiani Andrews? Check out the full book!</p> 1882 1883 1884 1885<div class="wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile" style="grid-template-columns:34% auto"><figure class="wp-block-media-text__media"><img decoding="async" src="https://arcadiacmsprodblob.blob.core.windows.net/cmsstorage/arcadia/metafiles/a5/a59351e4-f538-45ee-a01a-c5c2b3eb99f1.png" alt="The Napa Murder of Anita Fagiani Andrews: A Cold Case That Caught a Serial Killer"/></figure><div class="wp-block-media-text__content"> 1886<h1 class="wp-block-heading">The Napa Murder of Anita Fagiani Andrews: A Cold Case That Caught a Serial Killer</h1> 1887 1888 1889 1890<p class="wp-block-paragraph">By Raymond A. Guadagni</p> 1891 1892 1893 1894<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In 1974, the brutal murder of Anita Fagiani Andrews, a fifty-one-year-old former beauty queen and mother of two, shook the small working-class town of Napa. Detectives, criminalists and forensic experts raced to identify whoâd struck Anita down in her own bar, but despite their efforts, the case went cold. Decades passed, during which the town grew into a world-renowned wine region and tourist destination, but the case remained an open question. After thirty-seven years, thanks to DNA evidence, the killerâimprisoned for a different murderâwas finally found and brought to justice. Join author and retired judge Raymond A. Guadagni as he tells the story of the shocking murder, the investigation and the subsequent trial over which he presided in 2011.</p> 1895 1896 1897 1898<div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> 1899<div class="wp-block-button"><a class="wp-block-button__link" href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467147415?utm_source=crime_capsule&utm_medium=post&utm_term=napamurder&utm_content=napamurder&utm_campaign=napamurder">Buy Now</a></div> 1900 1901 1902 1903<div class="wp-block-button"><a class="wp-block-button__link" href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/series/true-crime-books?utm_source=crime_capsule&utm_medium=post&utm_term=napamurder&utm_content=napamurder&utm_campaign=napamurder">Browse all True Crime</a></div> 1904</div> 1905 1906 1907 1908<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p> 1909</div></div> 1910 </div> 1911 </div> 1912 1913 </div> 1914 <div class="td_module_15 td_module_wrap clearfix post-1394 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-featured category-general-crime category-murder tag-industry tag-italian-americans tag-mining tag-murder tag-ohio tag-pennsylvania" > 1915 <div class="item-details"> 1916 <h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"> 1917 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/giovanni-chiesa-immigrant-miner-martyr-coal-war/" rel="bookmark" title="Giovanni Chiesa: Immigrant, Miner, Martyr"> 1918 Giovanni Chiesa: Immigrant, Miner, Martyr </a> 1919 </h3> 1920 1921 <div class="td-module-meta-info"> 1922 <ul class="td-category"> 1923 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/featured/">Featured</a></li> 1924 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/general-crime/">General Crime</a></li> 1925 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/murder/">Murder</a></li> 1926 </ul> 1927 1928 <div class="td-post-author-name"> 1929 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/author/crimecapsule/">crimecapsule</a> 1930 <div class="td-author-line"> - </div> 1931 </div> 1932
1933 <span class="td-post-date"> 1934 <time class="entry-date updated td-module-date" datetime="2020-12-22T08:34:29+00:00" >December 22, 2020</time> 1935 </span> 1936 1937 <div class="td-post-comments"> 1938 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/giovanni-chiesa-immigrant-miner-martyr-coal-war/#respond"> 1939 <i class="td-icon-comments"></i> 1940 0 </a> 1941 </div> 1942 </div> 1943 1944 <div class="td-module-thumb"> 1945 1946 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/giovanni-chiesa-immigrant-miner-martyr-coal-war/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap" title="Giovanni Chiesa: Immigrant, Miner, Martyr"> 1947 <img class="entry-thumb" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-768x466.png" alt="Giovanni Chiesa: Immigrant, Miner, Martyr" title="Giovanni Chiesa: Immigrant, Miner, Martyr" /> 1948 </a> 1949 </div> 1950 1951 <div class="td-post-text-content td-post-content tagdiv-type"> 1952 1953<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Weâve been here before. <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/good-bad-and-private-cops-when-law-meets-labor/">In a previous look at the dangerous, often violent early years of American metal industries, Crime Capsule explored the turbulent development of the steel industry in western Pennsylvania</a>. Today, weâre moving just across the state line, to the famous Mahoning Valley of Ohio, where many of the mines that produced raw material for those steel mills were housed.</p> 1954 1955 1956 1957<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In their book <em>Coal War in the Mahoning Valley: The Origin of Greater Youngstownâs Italians</em>, authors Joe Tucciarone and Ben Lariccia chart the growth of digging, extracting, and processing in one of the most mineral-rich areas of the country. As in Perelmanâs account of Pennsylvania, Tucciarone and Lariccia detail the many conflicts that characterized mine operations, not just between owners, management, and workers, but between workers themselves as well.</p> 1958 1959 1960 1961<figure class="wp-block-image size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-1-1024x664.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1396" width="726" height="470" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-1-1024x664.png 1024w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-1-300x195.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-1-768x498.png 768w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-1-696x451.png 696w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-1-1068x692.png 1068w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-1-648x420.png 648w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-1.png 1382w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 726px) 100vw, 726px" /><figcaption><strong>Stock certificate from the Mahoning Coal Railroad Company, 1880s. <em>Unbekannte Autoren und Grafiker; Scan vom EDHAC e.V.</em></strong></figcaption></figure> 1962 1963 1964 1965<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In a sad chapter in American history, Tucciarone and Lariccia tell the story of Giovanni Chiesa, who was the first Italian murdered by a lynch mob in the United States. In the early 1870s, falling coal prices had led mine owners to slash wages for their workers, leading to full-scale strikes and walkouts. In the decades before federal labor laws and union protection, oftentimes the only recourse available to the rank-and-file was simply to refuse to work, imperiling profits for the brass, and the strike of 1873 was no different.</p> 1966 1967 1968 1969<figure class="wp-block-image size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-2-1024x500.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1397" width="726" height="354" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-2-1024x500.png 1024w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-2-300x146.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-2-768x375.png 768w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-2-533x261.png 533w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-2-696x340.png 696w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-2-1068x521.png 1068w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-2-860x420.png 860w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-2.png 1348w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 726px) 100v
1969w, 726px" /><figcaption><strong>Arson by striking miners. <em>From the </em>Holmes County Republican, <em>April 24, 1873, Chronicling America, the Library of Congress</em>.â</strong></figcaption></figure> 1970 1971 1972 1973<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Except that in this case, mine ownership played a deadly card: ignoring the demands of their local workers, they began to ship in immigrant labor to do the job instead. These strikebreakers were mainly Italians, followed by Swedish and German workers who were content to work at the new wage scale. Tucciarone and Lariccia:</p> 1974 1975 1976 1977<p class="wp-block-paragraph">âTo the embittered strikers of Church Hill, the coming of the immigrants was the death knell of their cause. Unable to settle their dispute with the coal company and blindsided by the arrival of so many replacement workers, the miners turned their anger on the foreigners. Indeed, the presence of aliens in the coalfields ignited xenophobia among the workmen, who saw the newcomers overturning the established relation between miners and their workplace. Itâs not difficult to see how the mining community at Church Hill would seize on ethnic and other differences between the miners and the foreigners, who were Catholic and non-English speaking. It wasnât long before these resentments turned violent.â</p> 1978 1979 1980 1981<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Unsurprisingly these new arrivals usually kept to themselves, but one day in July 1873, Giovanni Chiesa had left his tenement in the minerâs camp to go draw water. Disgruntled Scottish and Welsh miners led by one William Trotter angrily confronted him; the argument turned violent, and Trotter was wounded, stabbed in the neck. Enraged, the displaced Anglos raised a crowd of 200 miners and surrounded Chiesaâs tenement. When the Italians refused to come out, the Anglos set fire to the building, intercepting the Italians one by one they fled the building and beating each one half to death.</p> 1982 1983 1984 1985<figure class="wp-block-image size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-3-1024x184.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1398" width="726" height="130" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-3-1024x184.png 1024w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-3-300x54.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-3-768x138.png 768w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-3-696x125.png 696w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-3-1068x192.png 1068w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/image-3.png 1528w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 726px) 100vw, 726px" /><figcaption><strong>Death record of John Church (Giovanni Chiesa). <em>Trumbull County Courthouse</em>.â</strong></figcaption></figure> 1986 1987 1988 1989<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Chiesa, Tucciarone and Lariccia note, was the primary target, and received the worst of it. Pistol-whipped, beaten, struck with bricks, Chiesa suffered for hours, barely able to crawl along the ground. When he begged for a drink of water, someone threw him in a mud puddle, saying he could drink all he wanted from there. He expired soon after, but even then, the indignity didnât cease: according to one witness, Tucciarone and Lariccia record, little boys came along hitting the dead with sticks.</p> 1990 1991 1992 1993<p class="wp-block-paragraph">While there is little true good that came of this storyâthere rarely is, when mob rule or âmob justiceâ is involvedâthankfully, justice was served upon many of the perpetrators. Fifteen of the rioters were arrested, Trotter included, and several of the rioters were charged with first-degree murder and later imprisoned. As the authors note, it would take years before racial stereotypes against Italians in the greater Mahoning Valley would give way to tolerance and acceptance, but peace would eventually come. For that, we can be gratefulâand we can light a candle for Chiesa as well.</p> 1994 1995 1996 1997<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><em>Looking for more to read during quarantine? <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/quarantine-read/?utm_source=ArcadiaD2C&utm_medium=facebook&utm_campaign=Quarantine_Reads">Check out our quaran-reads here</a>. Finding us for the first time, and want to learn more about what we do? <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/new-to-crime-capsule-start-here/">Visit our welcome page and sign up for the Crime Capsule email newsletter</a>. See you behind bars!</em></p> 1998 1999 2000 2001<div class="wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile" style="grid-template-columns:31% auto"><figure class="wp-block-media-text__media"><img decoding="async" src="https://arcadiacmsprodblob.blob.core.windows.net/cmsstorage/arcadia/metafiles/a9/a901e552-acc9-4ebb-84c3-9a7e2cbbcb02.png" alt="Coal War in the Mahoning Valley: The Origin of Greater Youngstown's Italians"/></figure><div class="wp-block-media-text__content"> 2002<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:37px">Learn More</p> 2003 2004 2005 2006<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:19px">The struggles and successes of the industrious coal miners in Ohio’s Mahoning Valley. Year after year, local Welsh coal diggers supplied the ravenous and roaring ironworks in Mahoning Valley but the good times ended in the closing weeks of 1872. The demand for iron slackened, and with it, coal orders fell. Responding to plunging coal prices, mine owners cut wages, but rank-and-file miners would have none of it. On New Yearâs Day, they went on strike. The bitter stalemate broke only when operators sidestepped local labor by employing African Americans from Virginia and Italian immigrants crowding the Eastern Seaboard. Violence followed. Yet this vicious strife opened the Mahoning Valley to permanent Italian settlement. Authors Ben Lariccia and Joe Tucciarone uncover this forgotten chapter in the regionâs storied labor history.</p> 2007 2008 2009 2010<div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> 2011<div class="wp-block-button"><a class="wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-black-background-color has-text-color has-background" href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467142724?utm_source=ArcadiaD2C&utm_medium=blog&utm_campaign=Promotion">Buy Now</a></div> 2012</div> 2013</div></div> 2014 </div> 2015 </div> 2016 2017 </div> 2018 <div class="td_module_15 td_module_wrap clearfix post-1380 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-featured category-murder category-unsolved-crimes tag-attempted-murder tag-conspiracy tag-murder tag-politics tag-us-senate tag-washington-dc" > 2019 <div class="item-details"> 2020 <h3 class="entry-title td-module-title"> 2021 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/killing-the-filibuster-literally/" rel="bookmark" title="Killing the Filibuster — Literally!"> 2022 Killing the Filibuster — Literally! </a> 2023 </h3> 2024 2025 <div class="td-module-meta-info"> 2026 <ul class="td-category"> 2027 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/featured/">Featured</a></li> 2028 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/murder/">Murder</a></li> 2029 <li class="entry-category"><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/category/unsolved-crimes/">Unsolved Crimes</a></li> 2030 </ul> 2031 2032 <div class="td-post-author-name"> 2033 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/author/crimecapsule/">crimecapsule</a> 2034 <div class="td-author-line"> - </div> 2035 </div> 2036
2037 <span class="td-post-date"> 2038 <time class="entry-date updated td-module-date" datetime="2020-11-18T18:05:00+00:00" >November 18, 2020</time> 2039 </span> 2040 2041 <div class="td-post-comments"> 2042 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/killing-the-filibuster-literally/#respond"> 2043 <i class="td-icon-comments"></i> 2044 0 </a> 2045 </div> 2046 </div> 2047 2048 <div class="td-module-thumb"> 2049 2050 <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/killing-the-filibuster-literally/" rel="bookmark" class="td-image-wrap" title="Killing the Filibuster — Literally!"> 2051 <img class="entry-thumb" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-6-768x534.png" alt="Killing the Filibuster — Literally!" title="Killing the Filibuster — Literally!" /> 2052 </a> 2053 </div> 2054 2055 <div class="td-post-text-content td-post-content tagdiv-type"> 2056 2057<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="712" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-6-1024x712.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1385" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-6-1024x712.png 1024w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-6-300x208.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-6-768x534.png 768w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-6-100x70.png 100w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-6-696x484.png 696w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-6-1068x742.png 1068w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-6-604x420.png 604w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-6.png 1337w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption><strong>U.S. Capitol building under construction. <em>National Archives</em>.</strong></figcaption></figure> 2058 2059 2060 2061<p class="wp-block-paragraph">This past election season, one of the major issues up for debate was the filibuster. Were one party able to gain a super-majority in the Senate, itâs possible that they could end the age-old practice of filibustering: a senator speaking so long and without yielding the floor that they thereby prevent a vote on a given bill.</p> 2062 2063 2064 2065<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Little did pundits know that a century ago, someone literally tried to kill the filibuster. The filibuster-er. You know what we mean.</p> 2066 2067 2068 2069<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In his book <em><a href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781596293021?utm_campaign=cc&utm_source=arcadiad2c">Wicked Washington: Mysteries, Murder & Mayhem in Americaâs Capital</a></em>, historian Troy Taylor takes us on a tour of the scurrilous, scandalous, and downright shocking accounts of bloodshed in the halls of power. Revisiting famous incidents such as the assassination of Abraham Lincoln and the duel between Hamilton and Burr, Taylor offers many lesser-known anecdotes as well: including the attempted murder of Wisconsin senator Robert M. Lafollette, <em>directly on the Senate floor</em>.</p> 2070 2071 2072 2073<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="751" height="517" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-7.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1386" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-7.png 751w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-7-300x207.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-7-100x70.png 100w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-7-218x150.png 218w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-7-696x479.png 696w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-7-610x420.png 610w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 751px) 100v
2073w, 751px" /><figcaption><strong>The murder of Philip Barton Key. <em>Harperâs Weekly</em>.</strong></figcaption></figure> 2074 2075 2076 2077<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In May 1908, Lafollette was leading a filibuster against the Aldrich-Vreeland bill, a bill seeking to change currency policy. That day, on May 29, he began speaking around noon, and by evening began to request concoctions of milk and raw eggs from the Senate kitchen to keep up his strength. Around 10 or 11pm, Taylor records, Lafollette received his latest drinkâbut on downing it, he tasted something amiss and quickly discarded it. Lafollette was known as a senator of staunch integrity; if supporters of the bill in question could not buy his loyalty, might they find other ways of dispensing with him instead?</p> 2078 2079 2080 2081<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Yet the damage was done. Taylor: âA few minutes later, Lafollette, still leading the filibuster, began to feel nauseated. His symptoms quickly got worse. His stomach churned, his bowels rolled and shooting pains stabbed his abdomen. Although hunched over and wincing in pain, Lafollette refused to leave the Senate. Heroically, he stayed on for another half dozen hours. Finally, he surrendered at exactly 7:08 in the morning.â</p> 2082 2083 2084 2085<figure class="wp-block-image size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-8.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1387" width="726" height="537" srcset="https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-8.png 800w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-8-300x222.png 300w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-8-768x568.png 768w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-8-80x60.png 80w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-8-696x515.png 696w, https://crimecapsule.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/image-8-568x420.png 568w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 726px) 100vw, 726px" /><figcaption><strong>Map of the city of Washington, 1851. <em>Lloyd Van Derveer, Camden, N.J.</em></strong></figcaption></figure> 2086 2087 2088 2089<p class="wp-block-paragraph">According to Taylor, Lafolletteâdespite his ailmentsâhad filibustered for nearly seventeen hours, a Senate record at the time. And his suspicions? Sending the suspect sample away to a lab, investigators found that Lafolletteâs cocktail of raw egg and milk indeed contained a third ingredient: ptomaine, a deadly poison, with a dosage high enough to kill a grown man. Though no suspects were ever apprehended in the crime, the case made history nonetheless.</p> 2090 2091 2092 2093<p class="wp-block-paragraph">And perhaps the worst part of it all? All Lafolletteâs misery was for nothingâdamned if the bill didnât pass.</p> 2094 2095 2096 2097<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><em>Looking for more to read during quarantine? <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/quarantine-read/?utm_source=ArcadiaD2C&utm_medium=facebook&utm_campaign=Quarantine_Reads">Check out our quaran-reads here</a>. Finding us for the first time, and want to learn more about what we do? <a href="https://crimecapsule.com/new-to-crime-capsule-start-here/">Visit our welcome page and sign up for the Crime Capsule email newsletter</a>. See you behind bars!</em></p> 2098 2099 2100 2101<div class="wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile" style="grid-template-columns:40% auto"><figure class="wp-block-media-text__media"><img decoding="async" src="https://arcadiacmsprodblob.blob.core.windows.net/cmsstorage/arcadia/metafiles/a4/a4bcdc21-8be7-4757-b56f-096d9aef9cde.png" alt="Wicked Was
2101hington: Mysteries, Murder & Mayhem in America's Capital"/></figure><div class="wp-block-media-text__content"> 2102<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:23px">Wicked Washington: Mysteries, Murder & Mayhem in America’s Capital</p> 2103 2104 2105 2106<p class="wp-block-paragraph">An addictive and fascinating read that traces the criminal history of our nation’s capital, from the bloody site of the city’s most famous murder to dark deeds involving politicians from both sides of the aisle. Includes a look at the mysteries surrounding the Lincoln assassination, death by duels and the infamous Washington Vampire,</p> 2107 2108 2109 2110<div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> 2111<div class="wp-block-button"><a class="wp-block-button__link" href="https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781596293021?utm_campaign=cc&utm_source=arcadiad2c">Buy Now</a></div> 2112</div> 2113 2114 2115 2116<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p> 2117</div></div> 2118 2119 2120 2121<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p> 2122 </div> 2123 </div> 2124 2125 </div> 2126 <div class="page-nav td-pb-padding-side"><span class="current">1</span><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/page/2/" class="page" title="2">2</a><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/page/3/" class="page" title="3">3</a><span class="extend">...</span><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/page/11/" class="last" title="11">11</a><a href="https://crimecapsule.com/page/2/" aria-label="next-page" ><i 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