1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2<html lang="en-GB"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="UTF-8"/> 5 6 <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> 7 8 <meta id="viewport" name="viewport" content="width=device-width"> 9 10 <!-- Chrome coloured bar --> 11 <meta name="theme-color" content="#F25528"> 12 13 <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com"> 14 <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com"> 15 16 <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/themes/afrobarometer/assets/img/favicon.png"> 17 <meta name="description" content="Moins de la moitié des Africains bénéficient dâun approvisionnement fiable en électricité via le réseau national, les ménages ruraux et à faibles revenus étant particulièrement mal..."> 18 19 <!-- Facebook / OpenGraph --> 20 <meta property="og:type" content="website"/> 21 <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.afrobarometer.org/articles/moins-de-la-moitie-des-africains-beneficient-dune-electricite-fiable-beaucoup-se-tournent-vers-des-sources-denergie-alternatives-selon-un-nouveau-rapport-dafrobarometer/"/> 22 <meta property="og:title" content="Moins de la moitié des Africains bénéficient d’une électricité fiable ; beaucoup se tournent vers des sources d’énergie alternatives, selon un nouveau rapport d’Afrobarometer"/> 23 <meta property="og:description" content="Moins de la moitié des Africains bénéficient dâun approvisionnement fiable en électricité via le réseau national, les ménages ruraux et à faibles revenus étant particulièrement mal..."/> 24 <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Electricity-2.0-300x168.webp"/> 25 26 <!-- Twitter --> 27 <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> 28 29 <meta name="twitter:site" content="@afrobarometer"> 30 31 <meta name="twitter:title" content="Moins de la moitié des Africains bénéficient d’une électricité fiable ; beaucoup se tournent vers des sources d’énergie alternatives, selon un nouveau rapport d’Afrobarometer"/> 32 <meta name="twitter:description" content="Moins de la moitié des Africains bénéficient dâun approvisionnement fiable en électricité via le réseau national, les ménages ruraux et à faibles revenus étant particulièrement mal..."/> 33 <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Electricity-2.0-300x168.webp"> 34 35 <!-- WordPress head functions --> 36 <title>Moins de la moitié des Africains bénéficient d’une électricité fiable ; beaucoup se tournent vers des sources d’énergie alternatives, selon un nouveau rapport d’Afrobarometer – Afrobarometer</title> 37<meta name='robots' content='max-image-preview:large' /> 38<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//fonts.googleapis.com' /> 39<style id="wp-img-auto-sizes-contain-inline-css"> 40img:is([sizes=auto i],[sizes^="auto," i]){contain-intrinsic-size:3000px 1500px} 41/*# sourceURL=wp-img-auto-sizes-contain-inline-css */ 42</style> 43<style id="classic-theme-styles-inline-css"> 44/*! This file is auto-generated */ 45.wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} 46/*# sourceURL=/wp-includes/css/classic-themes.min.css */ 47</style> 48 49<link rel='stylesheet' id='wc-blocks-style-css' href='https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/client/blocks/wc-blocks.css?ver=wc-11.0.1' media='all' /> 50 51<style id="global-styles-inline-css"> 52:root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(6,147,227) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(252,185,
520) 0%,rgb(255,105,0) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,105,0) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgb(255, 255, 255), 6px 6px rgb(0, 0, 0);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgb(0, 0, 0);}.wp-block-button{--wp--preset--dimension--25: 25%;--wp--preset--dimension--50: 50%;--wp--preset--dimension--75: 75%;--wp--preset--dimension--100: 100%;}:where(body) { margin: 0; }:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body{padding-top: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;}:root :where(.wp-element-button, .wp-block-button__link){background-color: #32373c;border-width: 0;color: #fff;font-family: inherit;font-size: inherit;font-style: inherit;font-weight: inherit;letter-spacing: inherit;line-height: inherit;padding-top: calc(0.667em + 2px);padding-right: calc(1.333em + 2px);padding-bottom: calc(0.667em + 2px);padding-left: calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration: none;text-transform: inherit;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}
52.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} 53/*# sourceURL=global-styles-inline-css */ 54</style> 55 56<link rel='stylesheet' id='woocommerce-layout-css' href='https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/css/woocommerce-layout.css?ver=11.0.1' media='all' /> 57<link rel='stylesheet' id='woocommerce-smallscreen-css' href='https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/css/woocommerce-smallscreen.css?ver=11.0.1' media='only screen and (max-width: 768px)' /> 58<link rel='stylesheet' id='woocommerce-general-css' href='https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/css/woocommerce.css?ver=11.0.1' media='all' /> 59<style id="woocommerce-inline-inline-css"> 60.woocommerce form .form-row .required { visibility: visible; } 61/*# sourceURL=woocommerce-inline-inline-css */ 62</style> 63<link rel='stylesheet' id='woo-multi-currency-css' href='https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/plugins/woo-multi-currency/css/woo-multi-currency.min.css?ver=2.2.16' media='all' /> 64<style id="woo-multi-currency-inline-css"> 65.woo-multi-currency .wmc-list-currencies .wmc-currency.wmc-active,.woo-multi-currency .wmc-list-currencies .wmc-currency:hover {background: #f78080 !important;} 66 .woo-multi-currency .wmc-list-currencies .wmc-currency,.woo-multi-currency .wmc-title, .woo-multi-currency.wmc-price-switcher a {background: #212121 !important;} 67 .woo-multi-currency .wmc-title, .woo-multi-currency .wmc-list-currencies .wmc-currency span,.woo-multi-currency .wmc-list-currencies .wmc-currency a,.woo-multi-currency.wmc-price-switcher a {color: #ffffff !important;}.woo-multi-currency.wmc-shortcode .wmc-currency{background-color:#ffffff;color:#212121}.woo-multi-currency.wmc-shortcode .wmc-currency.wmc-active,.woo-multi-currency.wmc-shortcode .wmc-current-currency{background-color:#ffffff;color:#212121}.woo-multi-currency.wmc-shortcode.vertical-currency-symbols-circle:not(.wmc-currency-trigger-click) .wmc-currency-wrapper:hover .wmc-sub-currency,.woo-multi-currency.wmc-shortcode.vertical-currency-symbols-circle.wmc-currency-trigger-click .wmc-sub-currency{animation: height_slide 100ms;}@keyframes height_slide {0% {height: 0;} 100% {height: 100%;} } 68/*# sourceURL=woo-multi-currency-inline-css */ 69</style> 70<link rel='stylesheet' id='wmc-flags-css' href='https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/plugins/woo-multi-currency/css/flags-64.min.css?ver=2.2.16' media='all' /> 71<link rel='stylesheet' id='google-fonts-montserrat-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Montserrat:wght@400;500;600&display=swap&ver=0e3398329cc25c53f20597167f926e23' media='all' /> 72<link rel='stylesheet' id='google-fonts-oswald-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Oswald&display=swap&ver=0e3398329cc25c53f20597167f926e23' media='all' /> 73<link rel='stylesheet' id='theme-styles-css' href='https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/themes/afrobarometer/assets/css/style.min.css?ver=1.45' media='all' /> 74<link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/37215" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> 75 76<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/articles/moins-de-la-moitie-des-africains-beneficient-dune-electricite-fiable-beaucoup-se-tournent-vers-des-sources-denergie-alternatives-selon-un-nouveau-rapport-dafrobarometer/" /> 77<link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.afrobarometer.org/?p=37215' /> 78 <noscript><style>.woocommerce-product-gallery{ opacity: 1 !important; }</style></noscript> 79 <link rel="icon" href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/cropped-AB-Social-Media-Icon-32x32.webp" sizes="32x32" /> 80<link rel="icon" href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/cropped-AB-Social-Media-Icon-192x192.webp" sizes="192x192" /> 81<link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/cropped-AB-Social-Media-Icon-180x180.webp" /> 82<meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/cropped-AB-Social-Media-Icon-270x270.webp" /> 83 84 <!-- Google Tag Manager --> 85
85<script>
vendor: 595 bytes, lines 85-98
85 86 (function (w, d, s, l, i) { 87 w[l] = w[l] || []; 88 w[l].push({ 89 'gtm.start': 90 new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js' 91 }); 92 var f = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], 93 j = d.createElement(s), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; 94 j.async = true; 95 j.src = 96 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; 97 f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f); 98 })(window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', '
98GTM-P49HXT
vendor: 6 bytes, lines 98-99
98'); 99
99</script>
99 100 <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> 101 102 <!--[if IE]> 103
103<script src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
103 104 <![endif]--> 105 106 <!-- Bugherd --> 107<!--
107<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.bugherd.com/sidebarv2.js?apikey=gjfunktshq0ytlx7shibmw" async="true"></script>
107--> 108 </head> 109 110<body class="wp-singular post-template-default single single-post postid-37215 single-format-standard wp-theme-afrobarometer theme-afrobarometer woocommerce-no-js woocommerce-multi-currency-USD"> 111<!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->
vendor: 70 bytes, lines 111-113
111 112<noscript> 113 <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=
113GTM-P49HXT
vendor: 93 bytes, lines 113-115
113" 114 height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe> 115</noscript>
116<!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> 117 118 119<a class="c-skip-button" href="#content" title="Skip to content"> 120 Skip to content 121</a> 122 123<header class="c-header js-header "> 124 <div class="o-container"> 125 <div class="c-header__inner"> 126 <div class="c-header__logo-wrapper"> 127 <a class="c-header__logo js-header-logo" href="https://www.afrobarometer.org" title="Go to homepage"> 128 <svg width="152" height="64" viewBox="0 0 152 64" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> 129 <g id="logo"> 130 <g id="africa"> 131 <path d="M137.7 1.90039L130 20.5004L133.6 21.9004L150.7 24.5004C150.8 23.5004 150.9 22.5004 150.9 21.5004C150.9 13.0004 145.8 5.20039 137.7 1.90039Z" fill="#F25528"/> 132 <path d="M131.9 19.8C132.1 19.5 137.5 5.9 139.1 1.8C136.3 0.7 133.3 0 130 0C121.9 0 114.3 4.2 110.5 11.3L130 19.3L131.9 19.8Z" fill="#D93E00"/> 133 <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M111.4 9.7998L119.3 12.6998L119 13.8998L110.6 9.9998L111.4 9.7998Z" fill="#5A0202"/> 134 <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" 135 d="M133.5 40.2L131.5 39.7L132.9 30.4L132 19.6L128.3 18.1L110.5 10C108.9 13 107.9 16.6 107.9 20.6V20.7C107.9 28.6 112.8 36.4 120.8 39.7L119.2 51.3L133.5 40.2Z" 136 fill="#EA6B41"/> 137 <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M132.5 33.5996L131.2 41.9996L132.7 42.4996L133.5 34.1996L132.5 33.5996Z" fill="#5A0202"/> 138 <path d="M131.8 19.8998L132.4 20.0998L139.7 2.8998L139.1 1.7998L131.5 19.0998L131.8 19.8998Z" fill="#5A0202"/> 139 <path d="M150.4 23.3004L141.3 21.9004L138.9 23.0004L151.8 24.0004L150.4 23.3004Z" fill="#5A0202"/> 140 <path d="M151.8 23.9998L131.3 21.2998L131.7 22.2998L133.3 31.3998L132.6 42.4998C143.2 41.2998 150.6 33.4998 151.8 23.9998Z" fill="#D93E00"/> 141 <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" 142 d="M136 9.7998L140.2 16.4998L142.9 15.6998L143.3 16.0998L141.4 20.9998L137.8 23.1998L138.7 27.1998L136.4 29.0998L136.7 30.9998L135.8 31.5998L135.6 32.7998L132.9 35.1998L130.2 35.4998L128.5 29.9998L127.5 28.1998L128.4 25.4998L126.4 21.2998L126.7 19.3998L124.4 18.0998L120 19.4998L116.4 15.5998L116.8 11.7998L120.6 6.9998L127.3 5.7998L127.7 7.3998C127.7 7.3998 130.3 8.5998 130.5 8.4998C130.7 8.3998 131.6 7.4998 131.6 7.4998L136.7 8.3998L136 9.7998Z" 143 fill="white"/> 144 </g> 145 <path id="barometer" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" 146 d="M4.5 63.3996H0V50.1996H5C6.4 50.1996 7.5 50.4996 8.3 51.0996C9.1 51.6996 9.5 52.4996 9.5 53.6996C9.5 54.6996 9 55.7996 7.9 56.3996C10.1 57.1996 10.2 58.8996 10.2 59.4996C10.2 60.5996 9.8 61.6996 8.9 62.3996C7.7 63.2996 6.8 63.3996 4.5 63.3996ZM4.7 53.0996H3.5V55.1996H4.7C4.9 55.1996 5.3 55.1996 5.6 55.0996C5.9 54.9996 6.2 54.6996 6.2 54.1996C6.2 53.6996 6 53.3996 5.7 53.2996C5.4 53.0996 5 53.0996 4.7 53.0996ZM5.1 57.9996H3.5V60.3996H5.1C5.3 60.3996 5.8 60.3996 6.1 60.1996C6.5 59.9996 6.8 59.6996 6.8 59.0996C6.8 58.4996 6.5 58.1996 6.1 58.0996C5.9 57.9996 5.4 57.9996 5.1 57.9996ZM20.2 61.4996H15.6L15 63.3996H11.3L16.5 50.1996H19.4L24.5 63.3996H20.8L20.2 61.4996ZM16.4 58.7996H19.3L17.8 54.1996L16.4 58.7996ZM29.7 63.3996H26.4V50.1996H30.7C32.7 50.1996 34 50.5996 34.7 51.0996C35.8 51.9996 36.3 53.2996 36.3 54.6996C36.3 55.6996 36 56.4996 35.6 57.0996C35.2 57.7996 34.5 58.1996 33.9 58.4996L36.6 63.3996H33.2L29.8 56.9996H30.3C31.1 56.9996 31.9 56.8996 32.3 56.5996C32.7 56.2996 33 55.6996 33 54.9996C33 54.2996 32.7 53.7996 32.2 53.4996C31.8 53.2996 31.3 53.0996 30.8 53.0996H29.6V63.3996H29.7ZM45.6 63.9996C41.3 63.9996 38.4 60.6996 38.4 57.2996C38.4 52.8996 41.8 50.1996 45.6 50.1996C49.8 50.1996 52.8 53.3996 52.8 57.0996C52.8 60.7996 49.9 63.9996 45.6 63.9996ZM45.7 53.1996C43.3 53.1996 42 55.1996 42 57.0996C42 59.0996 43.4 60.9996 45.8 60.9996C48.3 60.9996 49.5 58.7996 49.5 57.0996C49.4 55.3996 48.2 53.1996 45.7 53.1996ZM58.1 53.4996L58.2 63.3996H55V50.1996H59.7L62.3 58.6996L64.8 50.1996H69.5V63.3996H66.3L66.4 53.4996L63.4 63.3996H61L58.1 53.4996ZM79.8 63.3996H72.6V50.1996H79.8V53.1996H75.8V55.2996H79.6V58.2996H75.8V60.5996H79.8V63.3996ZM87.7 63.3996H84.6V53.0996H82.2V50.0996H90V53.0996H87.6V63.3996H87.7ZM99.1 63.3996H91.9V50.1996H99.1V53.1996H95.1V55.2996H99V58.2996H95.2V60.5996H99.2V63.3996H99.1ZM105.4 63.3996H102.1V50.1996H106.4C108.4 50.1996 109.7 50.5996 110.4 51.0996C111.5 51.9996 112 53.2996 112 54.6996C112 55.6996 111.7 56.4996 111.3 57.0996C110.9 57.7996 110.2 58.1996 109.6 58.4996L112.3 63.3996H108.9L105.5 56.9996H106C106.8 56.9996 107.6 56.8996 108 56.5996C108.4 56.2996 108.7 55.6996 108.7 54.9996C108.7 54.2996 108.4 53.7996 107.9 53.4996C107.5 53.2996 107 53.0996 106.5 53.0996H105.3V63.3996H105.4Z" 147 fill="#2E2E2E"/> 148 <path id="afr" fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" 149 d="M45.5 42.6998H56.1V26.8998H67.7V17.5998H56.1V10.5998H68.2V1.3998H45.5V42.6998ZM73.9 42.6998H84.5V10.6998H88.4C89.9 10.6998 91.6 11.0998 92.7 11.7998C94.1 12.6998 95.2 14.3998 95.2 16.5998C95.2 18.8998 94.1 20.7998 92.8 21.6998C91.4 22.5998 89.1 22.7998 86.4 22.7998H84.7L95.6 42.6998H106.6L98 27.4998C100 26.6998 102 25.2998 103.4 23.0998C104.6 21.2998 105.5 18.7998 105.5 15.5998C105.5 11.0998 103.9 6.9998 100.4 4.2998C98.1 2.4998 94 1.2998 87.5 1.2998H73.9V42.6998ZM13.3 36.6998H27.7L29.6 42.6998H41.1L25.4 1.3998H16.3L0 42.6998H11.4L13.3 36.6998ZM25 28.2998H15.9L20.4 13.9998L25 28.2998Z" 150 fill="#EA6B41"/> 151 </g> 152 </svg> 153 </a> 154 <p class="c-header__tagline js-burger-content">Let the people have a say</p> 155 </div> 156 157 <button class="c-header__burger js-burger-button" aria-label="Open the menu"> 158 <span></span><span></span><span></span> 159 </button> 160 161 <div class="c-header__contents js-burger-content"> 162 163 <div class="c-header__menu-wrapper"> 164 <nav class="c-header__secondary-menu c-secondary-menu"> 165 <div class="c-secondary-menu__container"><ul id="menu-secondary-menu" class="c-secondary-menu__list"><li id="menu-item-813" class="c-secondary-menu__list-item js-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-813"><div class="c-secondary-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/online-data-analysis/" class="c-secondary-menu__link ts-secondary-menu ts-secondary-menu--level-1">Analyse online</a><button class="c-secondary-menu__list-item-expand js-menu-item-expand" aria-label="Click to expand the sub menu"><span class="c-main-menu__list-item-expand-icon"></span></button></div></li> 166<li id="menu-item-8739" class="c-secondary-menu__list-item js-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8739"><div class="c-secondary-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/careers/" class="c-secondary-menu__link ts-secondary-menu ts-secondary-menu--level-1">Opportunities</a><button class="c-secondary-menu__list-item-expand js-menu-item-expand" aria-label="Click to expand the sub menu"><span class="c-main-menu__list-item-expand-icon"></span></button></div></li> 167<li id="menu-item-16719" class="c-secondary-menu__list-item js-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16719"><div class="c-secondary-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/blog/" class="c-secondary-menu__link ts-secondary-menu ts-secondary-menu--level-1">Blog</a><button class="c-secondary-menu__list-item-expand js-menu-item-expand" aria-label="Click to expand the sub menu"><span class="c-main-menu__list-item-expand-icon"></span></button></div></li> 168<li id="menu-item-814" class="c-secondary-menu__list-item js-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-814"><div class="c-secondary-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/contact-us/" class="c-secondary-menu__link ts-secondary-menu ts-secondary-menu--level-1">Contact us</a><button class="c-secondary-menu__list-item-expand js-menu-item-expand" aria-label="Click to expand the sub menu"><span class="c-main-menu__list-item-expand-icon"></span></button></div></li> 169<li id="menu-item-815" class="c-secondary-menu__list-item js-menu-list-item c-secondary-menu__list-item--support menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-815"><div class="c-secondary-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/support/" class="c-secondary-menu__link ts-secondary-menu ts-secondary-menu--level-1">Support our work</a><button class="c-secondary-menu__list-item-expand js-menu-item-expand" aria-label="Click to expand the sub menu"><span class="c-main-menu__list-item-expand-icon"></span></button></div></li> 170</ul></div> </nav> 171 <nav class="c-main-menu js-main-menu"> 172 <div class="c-main-menu__container"><ul id="menu-main-menu" class="c-main-menu__list"><li id="menu-item-819" class="c-main-menu__list-item js-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-819"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/about/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-1">About</a><button class="c-main-menu__list-item-expand js-menu-item-expand" aria-label="Click to expand the sub menu"><span class="c-main-menu__list-item-expand-icon"></span></button></div> 173<div class='c-main-menu__sub-menu js-sub-menu'>
173<ul class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-list"> 174 <li id="menu-item-823" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-823"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/about/history/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Our history</a></div></li> 175 <li id="menu-item-820" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-820"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/about/what-we-do/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">What we do</a></div></li> 176 <li id="menu-item-29790" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-29790"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/about/annual-reports/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Annual reports</a></div></li> 177 <li id="menu-item-821" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-821"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/about/our-network/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Our network</a></div></li> 178 <li id="menu-item-28338" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-28338"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/support/our-funding-partners/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Funding partners</a></div></li> 179 <li id="menu-item-8750" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8750"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/about/faqs/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">FAQs</a></div></li> 180</ul></div> 181</li> 182<li id="menu-item-1121" class="c-main-menu__list-item js-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1121"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/countries/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-1">Countries</a><button class="c-main-menu__list-item-expand js-menu-item-expand" aria-label="Click to expand the sub menu"><span class="c-main-menu__list-item-expand-icon"></span></button></div></li> 183<li id="menu-item-827" class="c-main-menu__list-item js-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-827"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/surveys-and-methods/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-1">Surveys</a><button class="c-main-menu__list-item-expand js-menu-item-expand" aria-label="Click to expand the sub menu"><span class="c-main-menu__list-item-expand-icon"></span></button></div> 184<div class='c-main-menu__sub-menu js-sub-menu'><ul class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-list"> 185 <li id="menu-item-11509" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11509"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/surveys-and-methods/survey-resources/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Survey resources and data</a></div></li> 186 <li id="menu-item-10252" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-10252"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/surveys-and-methods/questionnaire/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Questionnaires</a></div></li> 187 <li id="menu-item-8760" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8760"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/surveys-and-methods/sampl
187ing/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Sampling</a></div></li> 188 <li id="menu-item-31281" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-31281"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/surveys-and-methods/survey-manuals/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Survey manuals</a></div></li> 189 <li id="menu-item-26410" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26410"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/surveys-and-methods/afrobarometer-calling/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Afrobarometer calling</a></div></li> 190</ul></div> 191</li> 192<li id="menu-item-828" class="c-main-menu__list-item js-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-828"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/topics/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-1">Topics</a><button class="c-main-menu__list-item-expand js-menu-item-expand" aria-label="Click to expand the sub menu"><span class="c-main-menu__list-item-expand-icon"></span></button></div> 193<div class='c-main-menu__sub-menu js-sub-menu'><ul class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-list"> 194 <li id="menu-item-19048" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19048"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/topics/democracy-freedom-citizen-engagement/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Democracy, freedom, and citizen engagement</a></div></li> 195 <li id="menu-item-19049" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19049"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/topics/economy-poverty-development/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Economy, poverty, and development</a></div></li> 196 <li id="menu-item-19050" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19050"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/topics/energy-infrastructure/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Energy and infrastructure</a></div></li> 197 <li id="menu-item-19051" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19051"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/topics/environment-and-climate/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Environment and climate</a></div></li> 198 <li id="menu-item-19052" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19052"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/topics/health-education-social-services/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Health, education, and social services</a></div></li> 199 <li id="menu-item-19053" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19053"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/topics/identity-society-gender/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Identity, society, and gender</a></div></li> 200 <li id="menu-item-19054" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19054"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/topics/institutions-leadership-governance/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Institutions, leadership, and governance</a></div></li>
201 <li id="menu-item-19055" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19055"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/topics/regional-global-relations/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Regional and global relations</a></div></li> 202 <li id="menu-item-19056" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19056"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/topics/safety-security/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Safety and security</a></div></li> 203</ul></div> 204</li> 205<li id="menu-item-826" class="c-main-menu__list-item js-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-826"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/publications/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-1">Publications</a><button class="c-main-menu__list-item-expand js-menu-item-expand" aria-label="Click to expand the sub menu"><span class="c-main-menu__list-item-expand-icon"></span></button></div> 206<div class='c-main-menu__sub-menu js-sub-menu'><ul class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-list"> 207 <li id="menu-item-27854" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-27854"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/publications/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">All publications</a></div></li> 208 <li id="menu-item-27857" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-27857"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/dispatches/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Dispatches</a></div></li> 209 <li id="menu-item-27437" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-27437"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/publications/flagship-reports/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Flagship reports</a></div></li> 210 <li id="menu-item-32914" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-32914"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/publications/methods-notes/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Methods Notes</a></div></li> 211 <li id="menu-item-18189" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18189"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/pan-africa-profiles/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Pan-Africa Profiles</a></div></li> 212 <li id="menu-item-27851" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-27851"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/publications/scorecards/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Scorecards</a></div></li> 213</ul></div> 214</li> 215<li id="menu-item-8775" class="c-main-menu__list-item js-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-8775"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/data/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-1">Data</a><button class="c-main-menu__list-item-expand js-menu-item-expand" aria-label="Click to expand the sub menu"><span class="c-main-menu__list-item-expand-icon"></span></button></div> 216<div class='c-main-menu__sub-menu js-sub-menu'><ul class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-list">
217 <li id="menu-item-11503" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11503"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/data/data-sets/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Data sets</a></div></li> 218 <li id="menu-item-11501" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11501"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/data/merged-data/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Merged data</a></div></li> 219 <li id="menu-item-11502" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11502"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/data/codebooks/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Codebooks</a></div></li> 220</ul></div> 221</li> 222<li id="menu-item-8781" class="c-main-menu__list-item js-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-8781"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/impact/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-1">Impact</a><button class="c-main-menu__list-item-expand js-menu-item-expand" aria-label="Click to expand the sub menu"><span class="c-main-menu__list-item-expand-icon"></span></button></div> 223<div class='c-main-menu__sub-menu js-sub-menu'><ul class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-list"> 224 <li id="menu-item-19776" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19776"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/impact/capacity-building/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Capacity building</a></div></li> 225 <li id="menu-item-32677" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-32677"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/impact/capacity-building-video-training-library/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">The Afrobarometer training video library</a></div></li> 226 <li id="menu-item-19775" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19775"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/impact/impact-stories/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Impact stories</a></div></li> 227 <li id="menu-item-19774" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19774"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/impact/informing-the-public-discourse/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Informing the public discourse</a></div></li> 228 <li id="menu-item-20597" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20597"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/impact/strategicpartnerships/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Strategic partnerships</a></div></li> 229</ul></div> 230</li> 231<li id="menu-item-8734" class="c-main-menu__list-item js-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-8734"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/newsandmultimedia/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-1">News & features</a><button class="c-main-menu__list-item-expand js-menu-item-expand" aria-label="Click to expand the sub menu"><span class="c-main-menu__list-item-expand-icon"></span></button></div> 232<div class='c-main-menu__sub-menu js-sub-menu'>
232<ul class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-list"> 233 <li id="menu-item-19771" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19771"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/newsandmultimedia/announcements/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Announcements</a></div></li> 234 <li id="menu-item-35005" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-35005"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/newsandmultimedia/annual-reports/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Annual reports</a></div></li> 235 <li id="menu-item-19773" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19773"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/newsandmultimedia/events/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Events</a></div></li> 236 <li id="menu-item-19769" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19769"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/newsandmultimedia/featured-videos/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Featured videos</a></div></li> 237 <li id="menu-item-31373" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-31373"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/newsandmultimedia/flagship-reports/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Flagship reports</a></div></li> 238 <li id="menu-item-19772" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19772"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/newsandmultimedia/media-briefing/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">Media briefings</a></div></li> 239 <li id="menu-item-19770" class="c-main-menu__sub-menu-item js-sub-menu-list-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19770"><div class="c-main-menu__list-item-wrapper"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/newsandmultimedia/news-releases/" class="c-main-menu__link ts-main-menu ts-main-menu--level-2">News releases</a></div></li> 240</ul></div> 241</li> 242</ul></div> 243 <div class="c-header__search-wrapper"> 244 <button class="c-header__search-controls js-search-open" aria-label="Search"> 245 <span class="c-header__search-label">Search</span> 246 <span class="c-header__search-button"> 247 248<svg class="o-svg o-svg--search "> 249 <use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/themes/afrobarometer/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg#search"/> 250</svg> 251 </span> 252 </button> 253 254<form class="c-search-form c-search-form--header js-search-form" action="https://www.afrobarometer.org/" method="get" role="search"> 255 <label class="c-search-form__label" for="search-input">Search all content</label> 256 257 <input class="c-search-form__input" id="search-input" name="s" type="text" placeholder="Search"/> 258 259 <button class="c-search-form__button" title="Search all content" type="submit" aria-label="Search"> 260 261<svg class="o-svg o-svg--right-arrow c-search-form__icon js-search-icon"> 262 <use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/themes/afrobarometer/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg#right-arrow"/> 263</svg> 264 </button> 265</form> 266 </div> 267 268 </nav> 269 </div> 270 </div> 271 </div> 272 </div> 273</header> 274 275<main id="content" class="c-main-content js-content"> 276<header class="c-single-header 277c-single-header--post c-single-header--has-featured-image"> 278 <div class="c-single-header__container o-container"> 279 <nav class="c-breadcrumbs"> 280 <ol class="c-breadcrumbs__list" vocab="https://schema.org/" typeof="BreadcrumbList">
281 <li class="c-breadcrumbs__crumb Home" property="itemListElement" typeof="ListItem"> 282 <a class="c-breadcrumbs__crumb-link" href="https://www.afrobarometer.org" property="item" typeof="WebPage"> 283 <span property="name">Home<span property="name"> 284 </a> 285 286 <meta property="position" content="1"> 287 <span class="c-breadcrumbs__crumb-divider"> 288 289<svg class="o-svg o-svg--arrow "> 290 <use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/themes/afrobarometer/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg#arrow"/> 291</svg> 292 </span> 293 </li> 294 <li class="c-breadcrumbs__crumb active" property="itemListElement" typeof="ListItem"> 295 <a class="c-breadcrumbs__crumb-link" href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/newsandmultimedia/" property="item" typeof="WebPage"> 296 <span property="name">News & features<span property="name"> 297 </a> 298 299 <meta property="position" content="2"> 300 </li> 301 </ol> 302 </nav> 303 304 <div class="c-single-header__wrapper"> 305 <div class="c-single-header__inner c-single-header__inner--post"> 306 <div class="c-single-header__type"> 307 News release </div> 308 309 <h1 class="c-single-header__heading 310 "> 311 Moins de la moitié des Africains bénéficient d’une électricité fiable ; beaucoup se tournent vers des sources d’énergie alternatives, selon un nouveau rapport d’Afrobarometer </h1> 312 313 <div class="c-single-header__meta"> 314 315 <span class="c-single-header__date">22 Sep 2026</span> 316 317 </div> 318 <a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Comm-de-presse-Moins-de-la-moitie-des-Africains-ont-une-electricite-fiable-Afrobarometer-ka-bh-21sept26.pdf" 319 class="c-single-header__button o-button gtm-post-download gtm-newsrelease-download" 320 target="_blank"> 321 Download (French) 322<svg class="o-svg o-svg--download-arrow "> 323 <use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/themes/afrobarometer/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg#download-arrow"/> 324</svg> 325 </a> 326 <div class="c-single-header__description 327 "> 328 Communiqué de presse </div> 329 </div> 330 331 </div> 332 333 </div> 334 </header> 335 <div class="c-page-content"> 336 <div class="c-key-takeaways"> 337 <div class="c-key-takeaways__inner js-key-takeaways"> 338 <div class="c-key-takeaways__container"> 339 <div class="c-key-takeaways__heading js-key-takeaways-button"> 340 Key findings 341 342<svg class="o-svg o-svg--arrow "> 343 <use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/themes/afrobarometer/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg#arrow"/> 344</svg> 345 </div> 346 <div class="c-key-takeaways__content js-key-takeaways-content"> 347 <ul class="c-key-takeaways__content-list"> 348 <li class="c-key-takeaways__content-list-item"> 349 Environ sept Africains sur 10 (72%) vivent dans des zones desservies par un réseau électrique, avec des taux allant de seulement 29% au Tchad à 100% en Tunisie, à Maurice, en Eswatini et au Cabo Verde (Figure 1). </li> 350 <li class="c-key-takeaways__content-list-item"> 351 Six ménages sur 10 (60%) sont raccordés au réseau électrique (Figure 2). Les habitants des zones rurales (37%) et les citoyens pauvres (46%) sont moins raccordés que les citadins (83%) et les répondants aisés (86%). </li> 352 <li class="c-key-takeaways__content-list-item"> 353 Seuls 43% des répondants bénéficient dâune alimentation électrique fonctionnant « la plupart du temps » ou « tout le temps », dont seulement 26% des habitants des zone
353s rurales et 27% des citoyens pauvres (Figure 3). </li> 354 <li class="c-key-takeaways__content-list-item"> 355 o Moins d'un répondant sur 10 à Madagascar (9%), en Sierra Leone (8%), en Guinée (7%), au Mali (6%), en Zambie (4%) et au Tchad (3%) déclarent disposer d'un approvisionnement fiable en électricité. </li> 356 <li class="c-key-takeaways__content-list-item"> 357 En moyenne, seuls 45% des répondants approuvent les performances de leur gouvernement en matière dâapprovisionnement fiable en électricité, tandis que 54% jugent son action mauvaise (Figure 5). </li> 358 <li class="c-key-takeaways__content-list-item"> 359 o Maurice (92%), le Maroc (84%), les Seychelles (80%) et le Botswana (75%) se distinguent par des taux d'approbation élevés. </li> 360 <li class="c-key-takeaways__content-list-item"> 361 o En revanche, en Zambie (13%), au Nigéria (12%) et au Tchad (12%), seuls un sur huit citoyens attribuent une note satisfaisante à leur gouvernement en matière d'électricité. </li> 362 <li class="c-key-takeaways__content-list-item"> 363 Près d'un quart (23%) des Africains utilisent des sources d'électricité autres que le réseau national, principalement des panneaux solaires (70% parmi ceux qui ont recours à des sources d'électricité alternatives) (Figure 6). </li> 364 </ul> 365 </div> 366 </div> 367 </div> 368 </div> 369 <article class="o-single"> 370 <div class="o-single__main 371 o-single__main--post "> 372 373 <section class="c-featured-image o-section o-section--no-background"> 374 <div class="c-featured-image__container o-container"> 375 <div class="c-featured-image__inner"> 376 <picture><!--[if IE 9]><video style="display: none;"><![endif]--><source srcset="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Electricity-2.0-1490x837.webp" media="(min-width:1280px)"><source srcset="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Electricity-2.0-750x421.webp" media="(min-width:500px)"><!--[if IE 9]></video><![endif]--><img srcset="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/Electricity-2.0-1490x837.webp" class="c-image-block__image" loading="lazy" alt=""></picture> </div> 377 </div> 378 </section> 379 <section class="c-text-block o-section o-section--no-background"> 380 <div class="c-text-block__container o-container"> 381 <div class="c-text-block__inner o-content-from-editor "> 382 <p>Moins de la moitié des Africains bénéficient d’un approvisionnement fiable en électricité via le réseau national, les ménages ruraux et à faibles revenus étant particulièrement mal desservis, selon le dernier <a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/AD1233-PAP18-Les-lacunes-persistantes-en-electricite-Afrobarometer-19sept26-1.pdf">Profil Panafricain d’Afrobarometer</a>.</p> 383<p>L’étendue des réseaux électriques nationaux varie considérablement parmi les 38 pays africains étudiés en 2024/2025, tout comme la proportion de ménages bénéficiant dâun courant électrique disponible la plupart du temps ou tout le temps.</p> 384<p>Ces lacunes se reflètent dans la manière dont les citoyens évaluent la performance de leur gouvernement en matière de fourniture fiable dâélectricité : En moyenne, une majorité dâAfricains portent un jugement négatif.</p> 385<p>Près d’un quart des citoyens déclarent utiliser des sources d’électricité alternatives, le plus souvent l’énergie solaire.</p> 386 </div> 387 </div> 388 </section> 389 <div class="c-author c-author--single"> 390 </div> 391 <section class="c-taxonomy-content o-section"> 392 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__container"> 393 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list"> 394 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item"> 395 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-container"> 396 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-label">Share</div> 397 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-value"> 398 399<div class="c-share"> 400 <div class="c-share__links"> 401 <a class="c-share__link js-social-share" href="//www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.afrobarometer.org%2F%3Fp%3D37215&t=Moins+de+la+moiti%C3%A9+des+Africains+b%C3%A9n%C3%A9ficient+d%26%238217%3Bune+%C3%A9lectricit%C3%A9+fiable+%3B+beaucoup+se+tournent+vers+des+sources+d%26%238217%3B%C3%A9nergie+alternatives%2C+selon+un+nouveau+rapport+d%26%238217%3BAfrobarometer" target="_blank" 402 title="Share on Facebook"> 403 404<svg class="o-svg o-svg--facebook c-share__icon c-share__icon--facebook"> 405 <use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/themes/afrobarometer/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg#facebook"/> 406</svg> 407 </a> 408 <a class="c-share__link js-social-share" href="//twitter.com/share?text=Moins+de+la+moiti%C3%A9+des+Africains+b%C3%A9n%C3%A9ficient+d%26%238217%3Bune+%C3%A9lectricit%C3%A9+fiable+%3B+beaucoup+se+tournent+vers+des+sources+d%26%238217%3B%C3%A9nergie+alternatives%2C+selon+un+nouveau+rapport+d%26%238217%3BAfrobarometer&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.afrobarometer.org%2F%3Fp%3D37215&via=" target="_blank" 409 title="Share on Twitter"> 410 411<svg class="o-svg o-svg--twitter c-share__icon c-share__icon--twitter"> 412 <use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/themes/afrobarometer/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg#twitter"/> 413</svg> 414 </a> 415 <a class="c-share__link js-social-share" href="//www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.afrobarometer.org%2F%3Fp%3D37215&title=Moins+de+la+moiti%C3%A9+des+Africains+b%C3%A9n%C3%A9ficient+d%26%238217%3Bune+%C3%A9lectricit%C3%A9+fiable+%3B+beaucoup+se+tournent+vers+des+sources+d%26%238217%3B%C3%A9nergie+alternatives%2C+selon+un+nouveau+rapport+d%26%238217%3BAfrobarometer&summary=Moins+de+la+moiti%C3%A9+des+Africains+b%C3%A9n%C3%A9ficient+d%E2%80%99un+approvisionnement+fiable+en+%C3%A9lectricit%C3%A9+via+le+r%C3%A9seau+national%2C+les+m%C3%A9nages+ruraux+et+%C3%A0+faibles+revenus+%C3%A9tant...&source=Afrobarometer" target="_blank" 416 title="Share on LinkedIn"> 417 418<svg class="o-svg o-svg--linkedin c-share__icon c-share__icon--linkedin"> 419 <use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/themes/afrobarometer/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg#linkedin"/> 420</svg> 421 </a> 422 <a class="c-share__link " href="mailto:?subject=Moins+de+la+moiti%C3%A9+des+Africains+b%C3%A9n%C3%A9ficient+d%26%238217%3Bune+%C3%A9lectricit%C3%A9+fiable+%3B+beaucoup+se+tournent+vers+des+sources+d%26%238217%3B%C3%A9nergie+alternatives%2C+selon+un+nouveau+rapport+d%26%238217%3BAfrobarometer&body=Moins+de+la+moiti%C3%A9+des+Africains+b%C3%A9n%C3%A9ficient+d%26%238217%3Bune+%C3%A9lectricit%C3%A9+fiable+%3B+beaucoup+se+tournent+vers+des+sources+d%26%238217%3B%C3%A9nergie+alternatives%2C+selon+un+nouveau+rapport+d%26%238217%3BAfrobarometer.+https%3A%2F%2Fwww.afrobarometer.org%2F%3Fp%3D37215" target="_self" 423 title="Share on email"> 424 425<svg class="o-svg o-svg--email c-share__icon c-share__icon--email"> 426 <use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/themes/afrobarometer/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg#email"/> 427</svg> 428 </a> 429 </div> 430</div> 431 </div> 432 </div> 433 </div> 434 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item"> 435 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-container"> 436 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-label">Contact</div> 437 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-value"> 438 <a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/person/hassana-diallo/" class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-button" title="Hassana Diallo"> 439 Hassana Diallo </a> 440 </div> 441 </div> 442 </div> 443 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item"> 444 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-container"> 445 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-label">Language</div> 446 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-value"> 447 448 <a href="/search/?select-languages%5B%5D=french" class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-button" title="Search for French"> 449 French </a> 450 </div> 451 </div> 452 </div> 453 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item"> 454 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-container"> 455 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-label">Topics</div> 456 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-value"> 457 458 <a href="/search/?select-topics%5B%5D=energy-and-infrastru
458cture" class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-button" title="Search for Energy and infrastructure"> 459 Energy and infrastructure </a> 460 </div> 461 </div> 462 </div> 463 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item"> 464 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-container"> 465 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-label">Keywords</div> 466 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-value"> 467 468 <a href="/search/?select-keywords%5B%5D=electricity" class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-button" title="Search for Electricity"> 469 Electricity </a> 470 471 <a href="/search/?select-keywords%5B%5D=energy-supply" class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-button" title="Search for Energy supply"> 472 Energy supply </a> 473 </div> 474 </div> 475 </div> 476 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item"> 477 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-container"> 478 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-label">Regions</div> 479 <div class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-value"> 480 481 <a href="/search/?select-regions%5B%5D=francophone" class="c-taxonomy-content__list-item-button" title="Search for Francophone Africa"> 482 Francophone Africa </a> 483 </div> 484 </div> 485 </div> 486 </div> 487 </div> 488 </section> 489 </div> 490 </article> 491 </div> 492 </main> 493 494<footer class="c-footer"> 495 <div class="o-container"> 496 <div class="c-footer__inner"> 497 <div class="c-footer__newsletter"> 498 <h4 class="c-footer__newsletter-title">Sign up for our mailing list</h4> 499 <p class="c-footer__newsletter-text">Receive the latest updates from Afrobarometer</p> 500 <form action="https://afrobarometer.us15.list-manage.com/subscribe?" method="get" class="c-footer__form" target="_blank"> 501 <input type="hidden" name="u" value="4f6cf8ebc1c14badbb6b5c609"> 502 <input type="hidden" name="id" value="81f4afdafc"> 503 <input type="email" placeholder="Enter your email address" value="" name="MERGE0" class="c-footer__form-input" aria-label="Enter your email address"> 504 <button type="submit" class="c-footer__form-submit"> 505 Submit 506 </button> 507 </form> 508 </div> 509 510 <div class="c-footer__main-nav"> 511 <nav class="c-footer__main-links"><ul id="menu-main-menu-1" class="menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-819"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/about/">About</a> 512<ul class="sub-menu"> 513 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-823"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/about/history/">Our history</a></li> 514 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-820"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/about/what-we-do/">What we do</a></li> 515 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-29790"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/about/annual-reports/">Annual reports</a></li> 516 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-821"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/about/our-network/">Our network</a> 517 <ul class="sub-menu"> 518 <li id="menu-item-8747" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8747"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/about/our-network/network-management/">Network management</a></li> 519 </ul> 520</li> 521 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-28338"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/support/our-funding-partners/">Funding partners</a></li> 522 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8750"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/about/faqs/">FAQs</a></li> 523</ul> 524</li> 525<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1121"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/countries/">Countries</a></li> 526<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-827"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/surveys-and-methods/">Surveys</a> 527<ul class="sub-menu"> 528 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11509"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/surveys-and-methods/survey-resources/">Survey resources and data</a></li> 529 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-10252"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/surveys-and-methods/questionnaire/">Questionnaires</a></li> 530 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8760"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/surveys-and-methods/sampl
530ing/">Sampling</a></li> 531 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-31281"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/surveys-and-methods/survey-manuals/">Survey manuals</a></li> 532 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-26410"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/surveys-and-methods/afrobarometer-calling/">Afrobarometer calling</a></li> 533</ul> 534</li> 535<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-828"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/topics/">Topics</a> 536<ul class="sub-menu"> 537 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19048"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/topics/democracy-freedom-citizen-engagement/">Democracy, freedom, and citizen engagement</a></li> 538 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19049"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/topics/economy-poverty-development/">Economy, poverty, and development</a></li> 539 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19050"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/topics/energy-infrastructure/">Energy and infrastructure</a></li> 540 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19051"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/topics/environment-and-climate/">Environment and climate</a></li> 541 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19052"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/topics/health-education-social-services/">Health, education, and social services</a></li> 542 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19053"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/topics/identity-society-gender/">Identity, society, and gender</a></li> 543 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19054"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/topics/institutions-leadership-governance/">Institutions, leadership, and governance</a></li> 544 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19055"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/topics/regional-global-relations/">Regional and global relations</a></li> 545 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19056"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/topics/safety-security/">Safety and security</a></li> 546</ul> 547</li> 548<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-826"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/publications/">Publications</a> 549<ul class="sub-menu"> 550 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-27854"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/publications/">All publications</a></li> 551 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-27857"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/dispatches/">Dispatches</a></li> 552 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-27437"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/publications/flagship-reports/">Flagship reports</a></li> 553 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-32914"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/publications/methods-notes/">Methods Notes</a></li> 554 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18189"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/pan-africa-profiles/">Pan-Africa Profiles</a></li> 555 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-27851"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/publications/scorecards/">Scorecards</a></li> 556</ul> 557</li> 558<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-8775"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/data/">Data</a> 559<ul class="sub-menu"> 560 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11503"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/data/data-sets/">Data sets</a></li> 561 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11501"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/data/merged-data/">Merged data</a></li> 562 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11502"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/data/codebooks/">Codebooks</a></li> 563</ul> 564</li> 565<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-8781"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/impact/">Impact</a> 566<ul class="sub-menu"> 567 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19776"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/impact/capacity-building/">Capacity building</a></li> 568 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-32677"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/impact/capacity-building-video-training-library/">The Afrobarometer training video library</a></li> 569 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19775"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/impact/impact-stories/">Impact stories</a></li> 570 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19774"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/impact/informing-the-public-discourse/">Informing the public discourse</a></li> 571 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-20597"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/impact/strategicpartnerships/">Strategic partnerships</a></li> 572</ul> 573</li> 574<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-8734"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/newsandmultimedia/">News & features</a> 575<ul class="sub-menu"> 576 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19771"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/newsandmultimedia/announcements/">Announcements</a></li> 577 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-35005"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/newsandmultimedia/annual-reports/">Annual reports</a></li> 578 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19773"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/newsandmultimedia/events/">Events</a></li> 579 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19769"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/newsandmultimedia/featured-videos/">Featured videos</a></li> 580 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-31373"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/newsandmultimedia/flagship-reports/">Flagship reports</a></li> 581 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19772"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/newsandmultimedia/media-briefing/">Media briefings</a></li> 582 <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19770"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/newsandmultimedia/news-releases/">News releases</a></li> 583</ul> 584</li> 585</ul></nav> </div> 586 587 <div class="c-footer__secondary-nav"> 588 <nav class="c-footer__other-links"><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/online-data-analysis/">Analyse online</a><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/careers/">Opportunities</a><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/blog/">Blog</a><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/contact-us/">Contact us</a><a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/support/">Support our work</a></nav> </div> 589 590 <div class="c-footer__bottom-links"> 591 <div class="c-footer__bottom-container"> 592 <div class="c-footer__credit-container"> 593 <a href="https://www.soapbox.co.uk" class="c-footer__credit-link" target="_blank">Design and development by Soapbox</a> 594 595 <a href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/privacy-policy/" class="c-footer__privacy-link">Privacy policy</a> 596 </div> 597 598 <div class="c-footer__social"> 599 <a href="https://twitter.com/afrobarometer" class="c-footer__social-btn c-footer__social-btn--tw" target="_blank"> 600 601<svg class="o-svg o-svg--twitter "> 602 <use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/themes/afrobarometer/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg#twitter"/> 603</svg> 604 </a> 605 <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/afrobarometer" class="c-footer__social-btn c-footer__social-btn--li" target="_blank"> 606 607<svg class="o-svg o-svg--linkedin "> 608 <use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/themes/afrobarometer/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg#linkedin"/> 609</svg> 610 </a> 611 <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Afrobarometer" class="c-footer__social-btn c-footer__social-btn--fb" target="_blank"> 612 613<svg class="o-svg o-svg--facebook_footer "> 614 <use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/themes/afrobarometer/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg#facebook_footer"/> 615</svg> 616 </a> 617 <a href="https://www.instagram.com/afrobarometer/" class="c-footer__social-btn c-footer__social-btn--li" target="_blank"> 618 619<svg class="o-svg o-svg--instagram "> 620 <use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/themes/afrobarometer/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg#instagram"/> 621</svg> 622 </a> 623 <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/197010833@N03/albums" class="c-footer__social-btn c-footer__social-btn--flr" target="_blank"> 624 625<svg class="o-svg o-svg--flickr "> 626 <use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/themes/afrobarometer/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg#flickr"/> 627</svg> 628 </a> 629 <a href="mailto:admin@afrobarometer.org" class="c-footer__social-btn c-footer__social-btn--em"> 630 631<svg class="o-svg o-svg--email "> 632 <use class="o-svg__use " xlink:href="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/themes/afrobarometer/assets/img/symbol/svg/sprite.symbol.svg#email"/> 633</svg> 634 </a> 635 </div> 636 </div> 637 </div> 638 </div> 639 </div> 640</footer> 641
642<script id="breeze-prefetch-js-extra"> 643var breeze_prefetch = {"local_url":"https://www.afrobarometer.org","ignore_remote_prefetch":"1","ignore_list":["wp-admin","wp-login.php"]}; 644//# sourceURL=breeze-prefetch-js-extra 645</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 645
645
646<script id="breeze-prefetch-js" src="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/plugins/breeze/assets/js/js-front-end/breeze-prefetch-links.min.js?ver=2.5.13"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 646
646
647<script id="jquery-core-js" src="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 647
647
648<script id="jquery-migrate-js" src="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 648
648
649<script data-wp-strategy="defer" defer id="wc-jquery-blockui-js" src="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/js/jquery-blockui/jquery.blockUI.min.js?ver=2.7.0-wc.11.0.1"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 649
649
650<script id="wc-add-to-cart-js-extra"> 651var wc_add_to_cart_params = {"ajax_url":"/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php","wc_ajax_url":"/?wc-ajax=%%endpoint%%","i18n_view_cart":"View basket","cart_url":"https://www.afrobarometer.org","is_cart":"","cart_redirect_after_add":"no"}; 652//# sourceURL=wc-add-to-cart-js-extra 653</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 653
653
654<script data-wp-strategy="defer" defer id="wc-add-to-cart-js" src="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/js/frontend/add-to-cart.min.js?ver=11.0.1"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 654
654
655<script data-wp-strategy="defer" defer id="wc-js-cookie-js" src="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/js/js-cookie/js.cookie.min.js?ver=2.1.4-wc.11.0.1"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 655
655
656<script id="woocommerce-js-extra"> 657var woocommerce_params = {"ajax_url":"/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php","wc_ajax_url":"/?wc-ajax=%%endpoint%%","i18n_password_show":"Show password","i18n_password_hide":"Hide password"}; 658//# sourceURL=woocommerce-js-extra 659</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 659
659
660<script data-wp-strategy="defer" defer id="woocommerce-js" src="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/js/frontend/woocommerce.min.js?ver=11.0.1"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 660
660
661<script id="woo-multi-currency-js-extra"> 662var wooMultiCurrencyParams = {"enableCacheCompatible":"0","ajaxUrl":"https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"b8ef2741ca","cache_nonce":"","switchByJS":"0","extra_params":[],"current_currency":"USD","woo_subscription":""}; 663//# sourceURL=woo-multi-currency-js-extra 664</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 664
664
665<script id="woo-multi-currency-js" src="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/plugins/woo-multi-currency/js/woo-multi-currency.min.js?ver=2.2.16"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 665
665
666<script id="theme-script-js-extra"> 667var themeVariables = {"templateUrl":"https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/themes/afrobarometer"}; 668//# sourceURL=theme-script-js-extra 669</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 669
669
670<script id="theme-script-js" src="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/themes/afrobarometer/assets/js/script.min.js?ver=1.3"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 670
670
671<script id="sourcebuster-js-js" src="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/js/sourcebuster/sourcebuster.min.js?ver=11.0.1"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 671
671
672<script id="wc-order-attribution-js-extra"> 673var wc_order_attribution = {"params":{"lifetime":1.0e-5,"session":30,"base64":false,"ajaxurl":"https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php","prefix":"wc_order_attribution_","allowTracking":true},"fields":{"source_type":"current.typ","referrer":"current_add.rf","utm_campaign":"current.cmp","utm_source":"current.src","utm_medium":"current.mdm","utm_content":"current.cnt","utm_id":"current.id","utm_term":"current.trm","utm_source_platform":"current.plt","utm_creative_format":"current.fmt","utm_marketing_tactic":"current.tct","session_entry":"current_add.ep","session_start_time":"current_add.fd","session_pages":"session.pgs","session_count":"udata.vst","user_agent":"udata.uag"}}; 674//# sourceURL=wc-order-attribution-js-extra 675</script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 675
675
676<script id="wc-order-attribution-js" src="https://www.afrobarometer.org/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/js/frontend/order-attribution.min.js?ver=11.0.1"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 676
676
677<script id="wpe_picturefill-js" src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/picturefill/3.0.3/picturefill.min.js?ver=3.0.3"></script>
vendor: 1 bytes, line 677
677
678<script type="speculationrules"> 679{"prefetch":[{"source":"document","where":{"and":[{"href_matches":"/*"},{"not":{"href_matches":["/wp-*.php","/wp-admin/*","/wp-content/uploads/*","/wp-content/*","/wp-content/plugins/*","/wp-content/themes/afrobarometer/*","/*\\?(.+)"]}},{"not":{"selector_matches":"a[rel~=\"nofollow\"]"}},{"not":{"selector_matches":".no-prefetch, .no-prefetch a"}}]},"eagerness":"conservative"}]} 680</script>
680 681
681<script> 682 (function () { 683 var c = document.body.className; 684 c = c.replace(/woocommerce-no-js/, 'woocommerce-js'); 685 document.body.className = c; 686 })(); 687 </script>
687 688 689<!-- OneTrust Cookies Consent Notice (Production CDN, afrobarometer.org, en-GB) start --> 690
690<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn-ukwest.onetrust.com/consent/0fd70fd7-db8c-434e-8b30-274c88f4dc8â¦"></script>
690 691
691<script src="https://cdn-ukwest.onetrust.com/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8" data-domain-script="0fd70fd7-db8c-434e-8b30-274c88f4dc80"></script>
691 692
692<script type="text/javascript"> 693 function OptanonWrapper() { 694 } 695</script>
695 696<!-- OneTrust Cookies Consent Notice (Production CDN, afrobarometer.org, en-GB) end --> 697</body> 698</html>
Line numbers count LF bytes from the start of the resource, as the search results do. Vendor segments are library code the classifier recognised; they are stored but not indexed. Bytes are shown as Latin1 characters, one per byte.