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I explore how and why states respond to incentives stemmning from the anarchic structure of the international system and their geopolitical environment.</p> 234 235 236 237<p class="wp-block-paragraph">I self-identify as a neoclassical realist, but I have a long time interest in the realist tradition (Thucydides and onwards) and the challenges and opportunities of structural realism.</p> 238 239 240 241<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Some of my work discusses how realism can be used as a framework for understanding foreign policy. In <a href="https://academic.oup.com/edited-volume/56004/chapter-abstract/440997368?redirectedFrom=fulltext">Foreign Policy Analysis and Realism</a> (Oxford University Press, 2024), I provide a critical overview of realist approaches to foreign policy analysis (FPA) and discusses how one of these approaches, neoclassical realism, may be reconceptualized as a template for multi-factor and multi-level analysis benefitting from recent advances in Foreign Policy Analysis. In <a data-type="URL" data-id="https://oxfordre.com/politics/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.001.0001/acrefore-9780190228637-e-475" href="https://oxfordre.com/politics/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.001.0001/acrefore-9780190228637-e-475">Realism in Foreign Policy Analysis</a> (Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics, 2017), I show how realists have engaged with foreign policy in theory and practice through history and discuss realist perspectives on foreign policy.</p> 242 243 244 245<h2 class="wp-block-heading">The Challenges and Opportunities of Neoclassical Realism</h2> 246 247 248 249<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In other work, I zoom in on neoclassical realism and the challenges stemming from combining assumptions on materialist structural forces with the observation the foreign policy is made by human beings impacted by various cognitive, emotional and cultural factors.</p> 250 251 252 253<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In <a data-type="URL" data-id="https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1057/palgrave.
253jird.1800064.pdf" href="https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1057/palgrave.jird.1800064.pdf">Explaining why state X made a certain move last tuesday: the promise and limitations of realist foreign policy analysis</a> (Journal of International Relations and Development, 2005), I discuss what realist foreign policy analysis can and cannot do. I argue that realist foreign policy analysis, neoclassical realism in particular, faces two challenges. The first challenge is to combine structural factors with other variables without ending up with a collection of ad hoc arguments. The second challenge is to combine the realist emphasis on the continued importance of materialist factors with the observation that these factors are interpreted and perceived â not objectively measured â by human beings making foreign policy.</p> 254 255 256 257<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Using Neoclassical Realism in Foreign Policy Analysis</h2> 258 259 260 261<p class="wp-block-paragraph">I apply neoclassical realism in my analytical and empirical work. In <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1057/s42738-019-00020-2" data-type="URL" data-id="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1057/s42738-019-00020-2">Punching above their weight, but why? Explaining Denmark and Estonia in the transatlantic relationship</a>, Matthew Crandall and I use neoclassical realism to argue that material (Estonia) and ontological (Denmark) security concerns explain why the two countries are super-atlanticist (Journal of Transatlantic Studies, 2019). In <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/spsr.12043" data-type="URL" data-id="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/spsr.12043">From peacemaker to warmonger? Explaining Denmark’s great power politics</a> (Swiss Political Science Review, 2013), I show how a liberal-egalitarian political culture has been decisive in translating systemic incentives into foreign policy in Denmark.</p> 262 263 264 265<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In <a data-type="URL" data-id="https://www.rienner.com/title/Explaining_Foreign_Policy_International_Diplomacy_and_the_Russo_Georgian_War" href="https://www.rienner.com/title/Explaining_Foreign_Policy_International_Diplomacy_and_the_Russo_Georgian_War">Explaining Foreign Policy: International Diplomacy and the Russo-Georgian War</a> (Lynne Rienner, 2012), Hans Mouritzen and I construct a three-level neoclassical realist model for explaining foreign policy. We argue that geopolitics is a missing link in most neoclassical realist analysis and theorizing. Foreign policy is as much a response to geopolitical as to systemic incentives. Consequently, we present a model for analyzing how the interplay in systemic, geopolitical and domestic factors produce foreign policy. You can read the book’s introductory chapter <a href="https://www.rienner.com/uploads/4f0cbe6372719.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">here</a>.</p> 266 267 268 269<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Structural Realism</h2> 270 271 272 273<p class="wp-block-paragraph">I have a long time interest in structural realism. In <a data-type="URL" data-id="https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-58455-9_9" href="https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-58455-9_9">When Martians Go to Venus: Structural Realism in Europe</a> (2021), I discuss pre-structural (English School), structural, and post-structural (Copenhagen School) realism. In an earlier piece, <a href="https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9780203761472-21/politics-international-theory-reading-waltz-1979-classic-anders-wivel">The politics of international theory: Reading Waltz 1979 as a classic</a>, I argue that rather than an analytical framework, Waltz’s neorealist theory is now read and used as a ‘classic’, cited by many, but read and used by few.</p> 274 </div><!-- .entry-content --> 275 276 </article><!-- #post-148 --> 277 </main><!-- #main --> 278 </div><!-- #primary --> 279 </div><!-- #content --> 280 281 282 <aside class="widget-area"> 283 <section id="block-2" class="widget widget_block"> 284<ul class="wp-block-social-links is-style-logos-only is-layout-flex wp-block-social-links-is-layout-flex">
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556<script type="module"> 557/*! This file is auto-generated */ 558var e="script#wp-emoji-settings",t=document.querySelector(e);if(!(t instanceof HTMLScriptElement))throw new Error("Element missing: "+e);const r=JSON.parse(t.text),s=(window._wpemojiSettings=r,"wpEmojiSettingsSupports"),o=["flag","emoji"];function i(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(s,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function c(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data);e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0);const r=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data);return t.every((e,t)=>e===r[t])}function p(e,t){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var n=e.getImageData(16,16,1,1);for(let e=0;e<n.data.length;e++)if(0!==n.data[e])return!1;return!0}function u(e,t,n,r){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\udde8\ud83c\uddf6","\ud83c\udde8\u200b\ud83c\uddf6")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!r(e,"\ud83e\u1fac8")}return!1}function f(e,t,n,r){let a;const s=(a="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):document.createElement("canvas")).getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(s.textBaseline="top",s.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(e=>{o[e]=t(s,e,n,r)}),o}function a(e){var t=document.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,document.head.appendChild(t)}r.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},new Promise(t=>{let n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(s));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(o),u.toString(),c.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"});const a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=e=>{i(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}i(n=f(o,u,c,p))}t(n)}).then(e=>{for(const n in e)r.supports[n]=e[n],r.supports.everything=r.supports.everything&&r.supports[n],"flag"!==n&&(r.supports.everythingExceptFlag=r.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&r.supports[n]);var t;r.supports.everythingExceptFlag=r.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!r.supports.flag,r.supports.everything||((t=r.source||{}).concatemoji?a(t.concatemoji):t.wpemoji&&t.twemoji&&(a(t.twemoji),a(t.wpemoji)))}); 559//# sourceURL=https://anderswivel.com/wp-includes/js/wp-emoji-loader.min.js 560</script>
560 561 562</body> 563</html> 564<!-- 565 generated in 0.536 seconds 566 100334 bytes batcached for 300 seconds 567-->
Line numbers count LF bytes from the start of the resource, as the search results do. Vendor segments are library code the classifier recognised; they are stored but not indexed. Bytes are shown as Latin1 characters, one per byte.